Parenteau Michael, Chen Chen Julian, Luna-García Berenice, Asmat Marita Del Pilar, Rielly Albert, Kales Stefanos N
Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, USA.
Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA.
Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2023 Jun;29(2):717-722. doi: 10.1080/10803548.2022.2075639. Epub 2022 May 31.
This study updates the prevalence of operator fatigue as a causative factor in accidents investigated by the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) and the associated injury severity in fatigue-related accidents. In total, 394 investigations were analyzed and 12% of them identified fatigue. The prevalence of fatigue varied among the transportation modes, ranging from 28% of aviation to 7% of marine. Most fatigue-related accidents (48%) occurred during late night or morning. Compared to non-fatigued operators, fatigued operators were more involved in severe or fatal injuries (odds ratio [] 2.30; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.66, 2.95]) and injuries to non-operators ( 3.32; 95% CI [2.70, 3.95]). Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was identified as a probable cause, contributing cause or finding in 15% of fatigue-related accidents, and in 85.7% of these accidents the operator met OSA screening criteria. Thus, opportunities remain for preventing fatigue-related accidents, including through more systematic operator screening for OSA.
本研究更新了由美国国家运输安全委员会（NTSB）调查的事故中，操作人员疲劳作为事故致因的发生率，以及疲劳相关事故中的相关伤害严重程度。总共分析了394起调查，其中12%的调查认定存在疲劳因素。疲劳发生率在不同运输方式中有所不同，从航空运输的28%到海运的7%不等。大多数与疲劳相关的事故（48%）发生在深夜或清晨。与未疲劳的操作人员相比，疲劳的操作人员更易导致严重或致命伤害（优势比[ ]2.30；95%置信区间[CI][1.66, 2.95]）以及非操作人员受伤（[ ]3.32；95% CI[2.70, 3.95]）。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）在15%的疲劳相关事故中被确定为可能原因、促成原因或调查结果，并且在这些事故的85.7%中，操作人员符合OSA筛查标准。因此，预防疲劳相关事故仍有机会，包括通过更系统地对操作人员进行OSA筛查。
