Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
J Environ Manage. 2022 Aug 15;316:115194. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115194. Epub 2022 May 7.
The oil spill represents one of the most important pollution sources for marine environments, that occurs due to tanker collisions, ship accidents, and platforms. Several techniques are used for treating oil spill disasters including chemical, physical, and biochemical. The use of chemicals, magnetite nanomaterials (MNMs) in particular, is one of the most applied techniques used for oil spill remediation due to their low cost, fast remediation, and reusability. This work aims to synthesize and use new ionic liquids (ILs) for the modification of MNMs surfaces to enhance their performance for crude oil uptake. For that, octadecylamine (OA) was reacted with epichlorohydrin (EH), followed by reaction with either diethylenetriamine (DT), or tetraethylenepentamine (TP) to obtain corresponding amines, OADT, and OATP, respectively. The produced amines were quaternized using acetic acid (AA) forming corresponding ILs, OADT-IL, and OATP-IL. The obtained ILs, OADT-IL, and OATP-IL were applied for modification of magnetite nanomaterials (MNMs) surface to obtain the surface-modified MNMs, DT-MNMs, and TP-MNMs, respectively. The surface-modified MNMs were characterized using different techniques including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and contact angle. The efficacy of DT-MNMs, and TP-MNMs for heavy crude oil uptake (EMU) was evaluated. Further, the factors affecting on the crude oil uptake including MNMs: heavy crude oil ratio, and contact time were also evaluated. The data exhibited that, the EMU relatively declined as the ratio of DT-MNMs, and TP-MNMs decreased. Even at low MNMs:crude oil ratio (1:50), DT-MNMs, and TP-MNMs displayed EMU 87%, and 90%, respectively, which means 1 g of either DT-MNMs, or TP-MNMs can uptake 45 g, or 43.5 g, respectively. These values are high as compared with other studies that reported the use of MNMs for oil spill cleanup. Furthermore, the data indicated that the EMU increased as the contact time increased, and reached maximum EMU of 98% for both MNMs samples after 10 min.
溢油是海洋环境最重要的污染源之一，主要由油轮碰撞、船舶事故和平台事故造成。处理溢油灾害的技术有很多种，包括化学、物理和生化。由于成本低、修复速度快、可重复使用等优点，使用磁铁矿纳米材料（MNMs）等化学物质是应用最广泛的技术之一，用于溢油修复。本工作旨在合成和使用新型离子液体（ILs）修饰 MNMs 表面，以提高其对原油的吸收性能。为此，十八胺（OA）与表氯醇（EH）反应，然后分别与二乙烯三胺（DT）或四乙烯五胺（TP）反应，得到相应的胺，即 OADT 和 OATP。所得胺用乙酸（AA）季铵化，得到相应的 IL，即 OADT-IL 和 OATP-IL。将所得 IL、OADT-IL 和 OATP-IL 应用于修饰磁铁矿纳米材料（MNMs）表面，得到表面修饰的 MNMs，即 DT-MNMs 和 TP-MNMs。用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、X 射线衍射（XRD）、振动样品磁强计（VSM）和接触角等技术对表面修饰的 MNMs 进行了表征。评价了 DT-MNMs 和 TP-MNMs 对重质原油的吸收效率（EMU）。此外，还评价了影响原油吸收的因素，包括 MNMs：重质原油的比例和接触时间。数据表明，随着 DT-MNMs 和 TP-MNMs 比例的降低，EMU 相对降低。即使在 MNMs：重质原油的低比例（1：50）下，DT-MNMs 和 TP-MNMs 的 EMU 分别为 87%和 90%，这意味着 1 g 的 DT-MNMs 或 TP-MNMs 可以分别吸收 45 g 或 43.5 g。与其他报道 MNMs 用于溢油清理的研究相比，这些值是很高的。此外，数据表明，随着接触时间的增加，EMU 增加，两种 MNMs 样品在 10 min 后达到 98%的最大 EMU。
