Department of Separation Science, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130, Mikkeli, Finland.
International Water Research Institute, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Green City Ben Guerir, 43150, Morocco.
Chemosphere. 2021 May;271:129516. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129516. Epub 2021 Jan 4.
High-efficiency, safe and economically viable nano-engineered platforms for oil spill cleanup and recovery are of great importance. This review takes account of the concept of nanomotors and micromotors and their most advancements in use for oil spill treatment. The fundamental facets of artificial micro- and nano-machines/nanobots/nanomotors (MNMs) are first documented, followed by the most recent influencing developments in chemical engineering approaches toward their specific utilizations. The surface chemistry of these MNMs, their behaviors in different water matrices and their roles in the removal of oil are examined, revealing great rooms for improvement. The strategies for surface and structural modification of these tiny machines toward enhancing their reactivity in the removal of oil and coupled tasking are discussed in details, highlighting the significance of fit-for-duty design and tailored fabrication. The engineering limitations and practical implementation barriers of this emerging technology and how it can be overcome are also considered. Finally, some engineering boundaries and perspectives of this fast-evolving field are proposed at the end.
高效、安全且经济可行的纳米工程平台对于浮油清理和回收至关重要。本综述考虑了纳米马达和微马达的概念及其在浮油处理中的最新应用进展。首先记录了人工微纳米机器/纳米机器人/纳米马达（MNMs）的基本方面，然后介绍了化学工程方法在其特定应用方面的最新发展。研究了这些 MNMs 的表面化学、在不同水基质中的行为及其在去除油中的作用，揭示了很大的改进空间。详细讨论了这些微小机器的表面和结构改性策略，以提高其在去除油和耦合任务中的反应性，突出了针对性设计和定制制造的重要性。还考虑了这项新兴技术的工程限制和实际实施障碍，以及如何克服这些障碍。最后，在文章结尾提出了这个快速发展领域的一些工程界限和展望。
