Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús (INTECH), CONICET-UNSAM, Intendente Marino Km 8.2, B7130IWA Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina CC 164, Argentina.
Centro de Investigación Mariña, Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2022 Aug;270:111231. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111231. Epub 2022 May 7.
Pejerrey is a freshwater fish from South America with high potential for aquaculture. This study was designed to determine the effects of different dietary protein:lipid ratio on growth rate and the expression of growth, lipid metabolism and feeding-related genes of this species during early developmental stages. Pejerrey fry were fed for 60 days with four experimental diets containing low (400 g Kg) or high (500 g Kg) protein (LP or HP, respectively) and low (120 g Kg) or high (200 g Kg) lipid (LL or HL, respectively), in the combinations: LP-LL; LP-HL; HP-LL and HP-HL. Measurements of growth, lipid and fatty acid content of fry, expression of genes from the endocrine axis (gh, ghrs, igfs), fatty acid metabolism (∆6-desaturase), and food intake behavior (nucb2/nesfatin-1) were collected. Fry fed with diets LP-LL and HP-LL showed the highest growth rate and growth hormone (gh) mRNA expression levels. The gene expression of ∆6-desaturase was high in head of fry fed with diet LP-HL. The mRNA expression of nucb2/nesfatin-1 and gh followed the same patterns in head, and the inverse pattern in body. In conclusion, diets with LL ensure a higher growth of pejerrey fry compared to those that contain HL, without altering the final lipid amount nor the fatty acid profile on fry. In LL groups, the expression of genes from the GH-IGF axis is associated with the observed promotion of somatic growth. The expression of nucb2/nesfatin-1 indicates an effect of this peptide not related to food intake regulation, e.g., a negative regulatory role on GH expression, that would warrant future research.
巴塔戈尼亚牙鱼是一种来自南美的淡水鱼，具有很高的水产养殖潜力。本研究旨在确定不同的饮食蛋白质：脂肪比对这种物种早期发育阶段生长速度和生长、脂质代谢和摄食相关基因表达的影响。用四种含有低（400g/kg）或高（500g/kg）蛋白（LP 或 HP，分别）和低（120g/kg）或高（200g/kg）脂肪（LL 或 HL，分别）的实验饲料喂养巴塔戈尼亚牙鱼苗 60 天，组合为：LP-LL；LP-HL；HP-LL 和 HP-HL。测量鱼苗的生长、脂质和脂肪酸含量、内分泌轴基因（gh、ghrs、igfs）、脂肪酸代谢（∆6-去饱和酶）和摄食行为（nucb2/nesfatin-1）的表达。用 LP-LL 和 HP-LL 喂养的鱼苗生长速度最快，生长激素（gh）mRNA 表达水平最高。用 LP-HL 喂养的鱼苗头部的 ∆6-去饱和酶基因表达水平较高。nucb2/nesfatin-1 和 gh 的 mRNA 表达在头部的模式相同，在身体上的模式相反。总之，与含有 HL 的饲料相比，含有 LL 的饲料能确保巴塔戈尼亚牙鱼苗更高的生长速度，而不会改变鱼苗的最终脂质量或脂肪酸组成。在 LL 组中，GH-IGF 轴的基因表达与观察到的体生长促进有关。nucb2/nesfatin-1 的表达表明该肽的作用与摄食调节无关，例如，对 GH 表达的负调节作用，这值得进一步研究。
