3D zinc@carbon fiber composite framework anode for aqueous Zn-MnO batteries.

Rechargeable aqueous batteries are one of the most promising large-scale energy storage devices because of their environment-friendly properties and high safety advantages without using flammable and poisonous organic liquid electrolyte. In addition, rechargeable Zn-MnO batteries have great potential due to their low-cost resources as well as high energy density. However, dendritic growth of the zinc anode hinders the exertion of cycling stability and rate capacity in an aqueous Zn-MnO battery system. Here we use an electrochemical deposition method to form a three-dimensional (3D) zinc anode on carbon fibers (CFs). This 3D Zn@CFs framework has lower charge transfer resistance with larger electroactive areas. Batteries based on the 3D zinc framework anode and α-MnO nanowire cathode present enhanced rate capacity and long cycling stability, which is promising for utilization in other zinc anode based aqueous batteries as an effective way to solve dendrite formation.