Zhou Shiyang, Huang Gangliang, Chen Guangying
Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158 China
Active Carbohydrate Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Application, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University Chongqing 401331 China
RSC Adv. 2019 Dec 13;9(70):41173-41191. doi: 10.1039/c9ra09287k. eCollection 2019 Dec 9.
Local anesthetics are mainly used in stomatology, ophthalmology, gynecology and surgery to temporarily relieve pain. Local anesthetics act on nerve endings or around nerve trunks, and are combined with specific sodium ion (Na) channel sites on the nerve membrane. They can affect the membrane potential by reducing Na passage through sodium ion channels, thus blocking the generation and conduction of nerve impulses, reversibly blocking the generation and conduction of sensory nerve impulses. Local anesthetics are used for convenience in local surgical operations and treatments. Herein, we mainly review the research progress on local anesthetics and discuss the important aspects of design, synthesis and biological activity of various new compounds.
局部麻醉药主要用于口腔医学、眼科、妇科和外科手术中以暂时缓解疼痛。局部麻醉药作用于神经末梢或神经干周围，并与神经膜上特定的钠离子（Na）通道位点结合。它们可通过减少钠离子通道的钠通透性来影响膜电位，从而阻断神经冲动的产生和传导，可逆地阻断感觉神经冲动的产生和传导。局部麻醉药因其在局部外科手术和治疗中使用方便而被应用。在此，我们主要综述局部麻醉药的研究进展，并讨论各种新化合物的设计、合成及生物活性等重要方面。
