Electrocatalytic oxidation of water at a polyoxometalate nanoparticle modified gold electrode.

Spherical polyoxometalate nanoparticles, [HPMo]NPs, were synthesized from a very well known Keggin-type polyoxometalate [HPMoO] in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and polyvinyl pyrrolidine (PVP) in aqueous medium and characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The [HPMo]NPs were used to modify a gold working electrode and they were characterized by SEM, EDX, elemental mapping, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and applied for the electrocatalytic oxidation of water in a phosphate buffer solution at neutral pH. The modified electrode showed excellent electrocatalytic activity towards oxidation of water at an impressively low overpotential ∼350 mV with a high current density of around 1.7 mA cm, good stability under exhaustive electrolysis conditions and also showed long term stability.