Tran Dat T, Palomino Jessica M, Oliver Scott R J
Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate, RDRL-SED-E, U.S. Army Research Laboratory Adelphi MD 20783-1138 USA
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz California 95064 USA
RSC Adv. 2018 Feb 14;8(13):7301-7314. doi: 10.1039/c7ra12784g. eCollection 2018 Feb 9.
The desulfurization of JP-8 (Jet Propellant 8) fuel is of interest to the U.S. military because of its potential use as a fuel source for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). SOFCs can be used to supply a steady stream of power during military silent watch missions. Adsorptive desulfurization is a promising alternative to hydrodesulfurization, which is unable to remove refractory sulfur compounds and achieve the ultra-low sulfur levels necessary to prevent poisoning of SOFCs. Adsorptive desulfurization could be a portable, on-site process performed on JP-8 stocks already in the field. Within the vast field of fuel processing/reformation, herein we focus on the current status of adsorptive desulfurization performed on JP-8 jet fuel. Currently, the best performing sorbents are those utilizing high surface area porous frameworks with pore sizes large enough to accommodate sulfur contaminants. Additionally, a variety of metals in ionic, metallic, and oxide form serve as promising active sites within these sorbents. Most reports focus on reformation technologies and sorbent materials for gas-phase desulfurization and hydrogen purification of low-sulfur content diesel or light fraction jet fuel. JP-8 is unique to the Army in terms of supply. This review will thus focus on ongoing efforts in the room temperature liquid desulfurization of JP-8 and its higher levels of impurities that are more complex and difficult to remove.
由于JP - 8（喷气燃料8）有潜力用作固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）的燃料来源，美国军方对其脱硫技术颇感兴趣。SOFC可用于在军事静默监视任务期间提供稳定的电力供应。吸附脱硫是加氢脱硫的一种有前景的替代方法，加氢脱硫无法去除难熔硫化合物，也无法达到防止SOFC中毒所需的超低硫水平。吸附脱硫可以是一种在已在现场的JP - 8库存上进行的便携式现场工艺。在燃料加工/重整的广阔领域中，我们在此关注对JP - 8喷气燃料进行吸附脱硫的现状。目前，性能最佳的吸附剂是那些利用具有足够大孔径以容纳硫污染物的高表面积多孔骨架的吸附剂。此外，离子态、金属态和氧化物态的多种金属在这些吸附剂中作为有前景的活性位点。大多数报告关注低硫含量柴油或轻质馏分喷气燃料的气相脱硫和氢气净化的重整技术及吸附剂材料。就供应而言，JP - 8是陆军特有的。因此，本综述将重点关注JP - 8在室温下液体脱硫方面正在进行的努力，以及其更复杂且更难去除的较高水平杂质。
