Lai Chia-Hsiang, Lin Chia-Hua, Liao Chang-Chun, Chuang Kuen-Yuan, Peng Yen-Ping
Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taichung Taiwan
Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University Yunlin 63208 Taiwan.
RSC Adv. 2018 Jan 15;8(6):3041-3050. doi: 10.1039/c7ra10994f. eCollection 2018 Jan 12.
The health and environmental effects of metal-containing carbon black (CB) particles emitted from a CB feeding area near a tire manufacturing plant were investigated. The mass ratios of PM and PM (UFPs) relative to TSP were 13.84% ± 4.88% and 50.84% ± 4.29%, respectively. The most abundant elements in all fractions were Fe, Al, and Zn. The mean percentage contributions of Al, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Co to the coarse particles ranged from 49.1% to 69.1%, thus indicating that the Al, Fe, and Zn contents in the CB particles were affected by workplace emissions. The ratios of the total mean deposition fluxes of atmospheric particle-bound heavy metals in the human respiratory tracts of workers/adults, workers/children, and adults/children were approximately 5.5, 11.0, and 2.0, respectively. The integrated risks of five elements two exposure pathways to adults and children were 1.1 × 10 and 1.7 × 10, respectively; these numbers reflect the high cumulative carcinogenic risk posed by these toxic metals to local residents (both adults and children; limit, 10). These results demonstrate the potential health risk presented by particle-bound heavy metals to humans residing near tire manufacturing plants inhalation and dermal contact exposure.
对一家轮胎制造厂附近的炭黑进料区排放的含金属炭黑（CB）颗粒的健康和环境影响进行了调查。PM和PM（超细颗粒物）相对于总悬浮颗粒物（TSP）的质量比分别为13.84%±4.88%和50.84%±4.29%。所有组分中含量最高的元素是铁、铝和锌。铝、铁、锌、铜和钴对粗颗粒的平均贡献率在49.1%至69.1%之间，这表明炭黑颗粒中的铝、铁和锌含量受工作场所排放的影响。工人/成年人、工人/儿童和成年人/儿童的人体呼吸道中大气颗粒物结合重金属的总平均沉积通量之比分别约为5.5、11.0和2.0。五种元素通过两种暴露途径对成年人和儿童的综合风险分别为1.1×10和1.7×10；这些数字反映了这些有毒金属对当地居民（成年人和儿童；限值为10）构成的高累积致癌风险。这些结果证明了颗粒物结合重金属通过吸入和皮肤接触暴露对居住在轮胎制造厂附近的人类造成的潜在健康风险。
