Zhang Haiming, Feng Junzong, Li Liangjun, Jiang Yonggang, Feng Jian
Institute of Applied Physics, Jiangxi Academy of Science Nanchang 330096 China.
Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibres and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology Deya Road 109 Changsha 410073 Hunan China
RSC Adv. 2022 May 9;12(22):13783-13791. doi: 10.1039/d2ra00276k. eCollection 2022 May 5.
Carbon aerogels (CAs) have attracted attention in thermal insulation. However, the traditional sol-gel method for preparing them involves time-consuming solvent exchange and rigorous supercritical drying processes, and the obtained CAs are brittle and crumble easily. To address these problems, a carbon fibre-reinforced carbon aerogel (CF/CA) was prepared combining a resorcinol-furfural (RF) gel containing a salt (ZnCl) with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber felt. The CF/CA not only has low thermal conductivity (0.6904 W m K) even at an ultra-high temperature of 1800 °C in an argon atmosphere but also exhibits relatively high compressive strength (6.10 MPa, 10% ) and a low density of 0.68 g cm. The CF/CAs can be used as ultrahigh-temperature thermal insulators (under inert atmospheres or vacuum) in thermal protection systems such as space vehicles or industrial high temperature furnaces. Our novel strategy may lead to lower-cost and large scale industrial processes of CF/CAs.
碳气凝胶（CAs）在隔热领域备受关注。然而，传统的制备碳气凝胶的溶胶 - 凝胶法涉及耗时的溶剂交换和严格的超临界干燥过程，且所制备的碳气凝胶易碎，容易破碎。为解决这些问题，通过将含有盐（ZnCl）的间苯二酚 - 糠醛（RF）凝胶与聚丙烯腈（PAN）纤维毡相结合，制备了一种碳纤维增强碳气凝胶（CF/CA）。CF/CA不仅在氩气气氛中1800℃的超高温下具有低导热率（0.6904 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹），而且还表现出相对较高的抗压强度（6.10 MPa，10%应变）和0.68 g cm⁻³的低密度。CF/CAs可作为超高温隔热材料（在惰性气氛或真空中）用于热防护系统，如航天器或工业高温炉。我们的新策略可能会带来CF/CAs的低成本大规模工业生产工艺。
