An efficient class of bis-NHC salts: applications in Pd-catalyzed reactions under mild reaction conditions.

This study describes an efficient class of bis-N-heterocyclic carbene (bis-NHC) salts that can be easily made from commercially available and inexpensive starting materials. The application of these salts to Pd-catalyzed reactions is described. The palladium (Pd) catalyst generated was highly effective under mild reaction conditions.