X. Li and R. Yang, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China,
J Prev Alzheimers Dis. 2022;9(2):323-330. doi: 10.14283/jpad.2021.71.
To explore the association between the intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and cognitive dysfunction in middle-aged and older adults, so as to provide an evidence-based basis for the early prevention of cognitive dysfunction.
A comprehensive search of relevant literature was conducted in PubMed, EMBase, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science from the inception until January 2021. Odds ratios (OR), hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects, generic inverse variance method. Meta-analysis of the included studies was performed using Review Manager 5.4.
A total of 10 studies on the association between sugary beverages and cognitive dysfunction in middle-aged and older adults were included, of which 3 were cross-sectional studies and the rest were cohort studies. Eight of the ten studies had results suggestive of a negative association. However, Meta-analysis results showed that the association between the intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and the risk of cognitive impairment was not statistically significant (OR=1.59, 95% CI: 0.93-2.74, P=0.08); but from two studies, the hazard ratios of all-cause dementia in middle-aged and older people consuming sugar-sweetened beverages was 2.77 (95%CI: 2.24-3.43, P<0.00001); the hazard ratios of Alzheimer's disease in middle-aged and older people consuming sugar-sweetened beverages was 2.63 (95%CI: 1.70-4.05, P<0.0001).
There is insufficient evidence to state conclusively that sugar-sweetened beverages intake causes cognitive dysfunction in middle-aged and older adults.
探讨含糖饮料摄入与中老年人群认知功能障碍的关系，为认知功能障碍的早期预防提供循证医学依据。
计算机检索 PubMed、EMBase、Cochrane、ScienceDirect、Web of Science 中关于含糖饮料摄入与中老年人群认知功能障碍关系的相关文献，检索时限均从建库至 2021 年 1 月。采用随机效应模型、广义倒方差法计算比值比（OR）、风险比（HR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）。采用 Review Manager 5.4 软件进行 Meta 分析。
共纳入 10 项关于含糖饮料摄入与中老年人群认知功能障碍关系的研究，其中 3 项为横断面研究，其余均为队列研究。10 项研究中有 8 项结果提示两者呈负相关。Meta 分析结果显示，含糖饮料摄入与认知障碍风险的关联无统计学意义（OR=1.59，95%CI：0.93-2.74，P=0.08）；但有两项研究显示，中老年人群饮用含糖饮料与全因痴呆的风险比为 2.77（95%CI：2.24-3.43，P<0.00001），与阿尔茨海默病的风险比为 2.63（95%CI：1.70-4.05，P<0.0001）。
目前尚无充分证据能够明确含糖饮料摄入会导致中老年人群发生认知功能障碍。
