Institute of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.
Adv Clin Exp Med. 2022 Oct;31(10):1129-1138. doi: 10.17219/acem/149400.
Particulate matter (PM) and NO2 induce pathophysiological changes which contribute to an increased incidence of acute cardiovascular (CV) and respiratory (Rp) events.
To analyze the relationship between air quality and the frequency of admissions to the emergency department (ED) due to the CV diseases and Rp causes.
The study analyzed the reasons for admissions to the ED during the cold periods from January 2017 to January 2020. These data were combined with the average daily concentrations of NO2, PM2.5 and PM10, and the individual air quality indexes (IAQIs) for these pollutants.
Our analyses have shown that 3468 (11.4%) and 1053 (3.46%) of all 30,419 analyzed patients were admitted to the ED for CV and Rp reasons, respectively. Cardiovascular patients were significantly more often admitted to the ED when the IAQI for NO2 was worse than very good, and the IAQI for PM2.5 or PM10 was worse than good. In such periods, diagnoses such as ischemic heart disease (IHD) or syncope were statistically more common and the risk of admission of a patient with a diagnosis such as IHD, heart failure (HF), syncope, stroke, or transient ischemic attack (TIA) was increased. Registered deaths occurred significantly more often among patients admitted on days with moderate or worse than moderate air quality determined in relation to PM10 in comparison to days with very good or good air quality (0.35% and 0.23%, respectively, p = 0.04).
Air quality significantly affects the admissions to the ED for CV and Rp reasons and has an impact on mortality.
颗粒物（PM）和二氧化氮（NO2）引起的病理生理变化导致急性心血管（CV）和呼吸（Rp）事件的发生率增加。
分析空气质量与因 CV 疾病和 Rp 原因而到急诊就诊（ED）的频率之间的关系。
本研究分析了 2017 年 1 月至 2020 年 1 月寒冷期间因 ED 入院的原因。将这些数据与 NO2、PM2.5 和 PM10 的平均日浓度以及这些污染物的个体空气质量指数（IAQI）相结合。
我们的分析表明，在 30419 名分析患者中，3468 名（11.4%）和 1053 名（3.46%）因 CV 和 Rp 原因分别被收入 ED。当 NO2 的 IAQI 差于非常好，且 PM2.5 或 PM10 的 IAQI 差于好时，心血管患者更常被收入 ED。在此期间，缺血性心脏病（IHD）或晕厥等诊断更为常见，患有 IHD、心力衰竭（HF）、晕厥、中风或短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA）等诊断的患者的入院风险增加。与空气质量非常好或良好的日子相比，在与 PM10 相关的空气质量中度或更差的日子里，因 ED 入院的患者中死亡人数明显更多（分别为 0.35%和 0.23%，p=0.04）。
空气质量显著影响因 CV 和 Rp 原因而到 ED 就诊的频率，并对死亡率有影响。
