Allen K S, Arger P H, Mennuti M, Coleman B G, Mintz M C, Fishman M
Radiology. 1987 Jun;163(3):807-9. doi: 10.1148/radiology.163.3.3554345.
Fetal renal pyelectasis is a frequent finding on routine obstetrical sonography. The cause of this pelvocalyceal dilatation is often not apparent, although urinary tract obstruction is the most important condition to be excluded. One of the many hypothetical explanations for minimal fetal renal pyelectasis suggests that aggressive maternal hydration before sonography leads to fetal diuresis with resultant pelvocalyceal dilatation. In this study, 20 pregnant volunteers underwent sonography after 10-12 hours of dehydration, after which 1,000 ml of fluid was administered and repeat sonography was performed. Despite a significant increase in the state of maternal hydration as determined by a decrease in urine specific gravity, there was no significant change in the degree of fetal renal pyelectasis before and after hydration. Therefore, pelvocalyceal dilatation identified prenatally should not be attributed to maternal hydration.
胎儿肾盂扩张是常规产科超声检查中常见的发现。尽管尿路梗阻是需要排除的最重要情况，但这种肾盂肾盏扩张的原因通常并不明显。对于轻微胎儿肾盂扩张的众多假设解释之一是，超声检查前母体积极补液会导致胎儿利尿，进而引起肾盂肾盏扩张。在本研究中，20名怀孕志愿者在脱水10 - 12小时后接受超声检查，之后给予1000毫升液体并再次进行超声检查。尽管通过尿比重降低确定母体水化状态有显著增加，但水化前后胎儿肾盂扩张程度并无显著变化。因此，产前发现的肾盂肾盏扩张不应归因于母体水化。
