Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO.
J Exp Med. 2022 Jul 4;219(7). doi: 10.1084/jem.20211519. Epub 2022 May 11.
Last year was the 10th anniversary of Ralph Steinman's Nobel Prize awarded for his discovery of dendritic cells (DCs), while next year brings the 50th anniversary of that discovery. Current models of anti-viral and anti-tumor immunity rest solidly on Steinman's discovery of DCs, but also rely on two seemingly unrelated phenomena, also reported in the mid-1970s: the discoveries of "help" for cytolytic T cell responses by Cantor and Boyse in 1974 and "cross-priming" by Bevan in 1976. Decades of subsequent work, controversy, and conceptual changes have gradually merged these three discoveries into current models of cell-mediated immunity against viruses and tumors.
去年是拉尔夫·斯坦曼（Ralph Steinman）因发现树突状细胞（DC）而获得诺贝尔奖的十周年，而明年将是这一发现的五十周年。目前的抗病毒和抗肿瘤免疫模型牢固地建立在斯坦曼发现树突状细胞的基础上，但也依赖于两个看似无关的现象，这两个现象也在 20 世纪 70 年代中期被报道：坎特（Cantor）和博伊斯（Boyse）在 1974 年发现了细胞毒性 T 细胞反应的“辅助”作用，贝文（Bevan）在 1976 年发现了“交叉引发”。此后几十年的工作、争议和概念变化逐渐将这三项发现融合为当前针对病毒和肿瘤的细胞介导免疫模型。
