Division of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
Breastfeed Med. 2022 Jul;17(7):611-617. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2021.0352. Epub 2022 May 11.
Levels of fatty acid (FA) in breast milk (BM) may vary depending on the maternal diet. This study aimed to explore FA composition in BM of lactating women following dietary restrictions due to infant allergic conditions. Thai lactating mothers of term infants who were on exclusion diets were recruited. Mature BM was collected before and after a period (at least 2 weeks) of dietary restriction. FA in BM was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Fifty lactating women 33.7 ± 3.6 years of age were enrolled. Thirty-three percent of the lactating mothers restricted more than eight food items. Most common dietary restriction were cow's milk (88%) and eggs (74%). After the period of dietary exclusion, total polyunsaturated FA showed no significant change, while saturated FA (SFA) declined, and monounsaturated FA (MUFA) increased. A decrease in fat intake was associated with an increase in arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content in BM ( = -0.37, = -0.36; < 0.05). However, a rise in ARA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and DHA intake was associated with an increase in linoleic acid and EPA in BM, respectively ( = 0.38, = 0.55 and = 0.41; < 0.05). Infant weight-for-age z-score did not significantly change after the period of maternal dietary exclusion. Maternal exclusion diet resulted in lower SFA and higher MUFA composition in BM. Further study should explore the long-term outcomes of maternal dietary restriction on infant and child health.
母乳（BM）中的脂肪酸（FA）水平可能因母体饮食而异。本研究旨在探讨因婴儿过敏而限制饮食的哺乳期妇女的 BM 中 FA 组成。招募了进行排除饮食的足月婴儿的泰国哺乳期母亲。在限制饮食至少 2 周前后采集成熟的 BM。通过气相色谱-质谱法分析 BM 中的 FA。共纳入 50 名哺乳期母亲，年龄为 33.7±3.6 岁。33%的哺乳期母亲限制了超过 8 种食物。最常见的饮食限制是牛奶（88%）和鸡蛋（74%）。在排除饮食期后，总多不饱和 FA 没有显著变化，而饱和 FA（SFA）下降，单不饱和 FA（MUFA）增加。脂肪摄入量的减少与 BM 中花生四烯酸（ARA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）含量的增加有关（ = -0.37， = -0.36； < 0.05）。然而，ARA、二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和 DHA 摄入量的增加与 BM 中亚油酸和 EPA 的增加分别相关（ = 0.38， = 0.55 和 = 0.41； < 0.05）。在母亲限制饮食期间，婴儿的体重-年龄 Z 评分没有显著变化。母亲排除饮食导致 BM 中的 SFA 降低和 MUFA 组成增加。进一步的研究应该探讨母亲饮食限制对婴儿和儿童健康的长期影响。
