Kim Hyesook, Kang Sujeong, Jung Byung-Moon, Yi Hyunju, Jung Ji A, Chang Namsoo
1Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management,Ewha Womans University,52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760,Republic of Korea.
2Maeil Asia Human Milk Research Center,Maeil Dairies Co. Ltd,2nd floor, The K Twin Tower A, Jong-ro 1-gil, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03142,Republic of Korea.
Br J Nutr. 2017 Feb;117(4):556-561. doi: 10.1017/S0007114517000253. Epub 2017 Mar 13.
The aim of this study was to determine the fatty acid (FA) composition of breast milk, and its association with mothers' FA intake. Milk samples were obtained from 238 healthy lactating women who volunteered to participate in the Human Milk Micronutrients Analysis Research. Dietary intake during lactation was assessed using a 3-d food record, and fat content and FA composition of the breast milk samples were analysed by IR spectrometry using MilkoScan FT2 and GC flame ionisation detector, respectively. The fat content was 3·31 (sd 1·41) g/100 ml breast milk. The concentrations of arachidonic acid (20 : 4 n-6), EPA (20 : 5 n-3) and DHA (22 : 6 n-3) in breast milk were 0·48 (sd 0·13), 0·15 (sd 0·12) and 0·67 (sd 0·47) % of total FA, respectively. Fat content and FA composition of breast milk were associated with maternal age, BMI, supplement use and infant age. Dietary intakes of EPA, DHA, n-3 FA, n-6 FA, SFA and PUFA were positively correlated with the corresponding FA in the milk samples. FA levels in breast milk and maternal diet are highly correlated. Further studies are warranted to explore factors that may be associated with changes in FA composition in human milk.
本研究的目的是确定母乳中的脂肪酸（FA）组成及其与母亲FA摄入量的关联。从238名自愿参与母乳微量营养素分析研究的健康哺乳期妇女中采集了乳汁样本。使用3天食物记录评估哺乳期的饮食摄入量，并分别使用MilkoScan FT2红外光谱仪和气相色谱火焰离子化检测器分析母乳样本的脂肪含量和FA组成。脂肪含量为3.31（标准差1.41）g/100ml母乳。母乳中花生四烯酸（20:4 n-6）、二十碳五烯酸（EPA，20:5 n-3）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA，22:6 n-3）的浓度分别占总FA的0.48（标准差0.13）%、0.15（标准差0.12）%和0.67（标准差0.47）%。母乳的脂肪含量和FA组成与母亲年龄、体重指数、补充剂使用情况和婴儿年龄有关。EPA、DHA、n-3 FA、n-6 FA、饱和脂肪酸（SFA）和多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的饮食摄入量与乳汁样本中的相应FA呈正相关。母乳和母亲饮食中的FA水平高度相关。有必要进一步研究探索可能与人乳中FA组成变化相关的因素。
