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miRNA 抗性等位基因修饰小麦的花序分枝，增加小麦的籽粒蛋白质含量。

MicroRNA-resistant alleles of modify inflorescence branching and increase grain protein content of wheat.

机构信息

Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.

Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.

出版信息

Sci Adv. 2022 May 13;8(19):eabn5907. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abn5907. Epub 2022 May 11.

DOI:10.1126/sciadv.abn5907
PMID:35544571
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9094671/
Abstract

Plant and inflorescence architecture determine the yield potential of crops. Breeders have harnessed natural diversity for inflorescence architecture to improve yields, and induced genetic variation could provide further gains. Wheat is a vital source of protein and calories; however, little is known about the genes that regulate the development of its inflorescence. Here, we report the identification of semidominant alleles for a class III homeodomain-leucine zipper transcription factor, (), on wheat A and D subgenomes, which generate more flower-bearing spikelets and enhance grain protein content. These alleles increase expression by disrupting a microRNA 165/166 complementary site with conserved roles in plants; higher expression is associated with modified leaf and vascular development and increased amino acid supply to the inflorescence during grain development. These findings enhance our understanding of genes that control wheat inflorescence development and introduce an approach to improve the nutritional quality of grain.

摘要

植物和花序结构决定了作物的产量潜力。育种家利用花序结构的自然多样性来提高产量，而诱导遗传变异可能会带来进一步的收益。小麦是蛋白质和卡路里的重要来源；然而，人们对调控其花序发育的基因知之甚少。在这里，我们报告了在小麦 A 和 D 亚基因组上鉴定出 III 类同源域亮氨酸拉链转录因子（）的半显性等位基因，它们产生更多的带花小穗并提高籽粒蛋白质含量。这些等位基因通过破坏在植物中具有保守作用的 microRNA 165/166 互补位点来增加表达；较高的表达与叶片和维管束发育的改变以及在籽粒发育过程中向花序提供更多氨基酸有关。这些发现增进了我们对控制小麦花序发育的基因的理解，并提出了一种提高谷物营养价值的方法。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9fa5/9094671/93bd3877bb30/sciadv.abn5907-f8.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9fa5/9094671/93bd3877bb30/sciadv.abn5907-f8.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9fa5/9094671/dcd4502abfee/sciadv.abn5907-f1.jpg
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