Salud Ambiental, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación. Av. 9 de Julio 1925. C1073ABA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina.
Dirección Central de Monitoreo del Clima, Dirección Nacional de Ciencia e Innovación en Productos y Servicios. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina.
Cien Saude Colet. 2022 May;27(5):2071-2086. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232022275.07502021. Epub 2021 Aug 1.
Increased frequency of heat waves (HWs) is one of the prominent consequences of climate change. Its impact on human health has been mostly reported in the northern hemisphere but has been poorly studied in the southern hemisphere. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of the HWs waves occurred in the warm season 2013-14 on mortality in the center-north region of Argentina, where 22 million people live. It was carried out an observational study of ecological-type contrasting the mortality occurred during the HWs of the summer 2013-14 with the mortality in the summers 2010-11 to 2012-13, free from HWs. The mortality was analyzed according to the following variables: place of residence, age, sex and cause of death. During the HWs of the summer 2013-14, 1877 (RR=1.23, 95%CI 1.20-1.28) deaths in excess were registered. Moreover, the death risk significantly increased in 13 of the 18 provinces analyzed. The mortality rates by sex revealed heterogeneous behaviour regarding both the time and spatial scale. The death risk increased with age; it was particularly significant in four provinces for the 60-79 years group and in six provinces in people of 80 years and over. The death causes that showed significantly increments were respiratory, cardiovascular, renal diseases and diabetes.
热浪（HWs）频率的增加是气候变化的突出后果之一。其对人类健康的影响在北半球已有大量报道，但在南半球研究甚少。本研究旨在分析 2013-14 年暖季发生的 HW 波对阿根廷中北部地区（有 2200 万人居住）死亡率的影响。采用生态学对比的观察性研究方法，将 2013-14 年夏季 HW 期间的死亡率与无 HW 的 2010-11 年至 2012-13 年夏季的死亡率进行对比。死亡率根据以下变量进行分析：居住地、年龄、性别和死因。在 2013-14 年夏季的 HW 期间，登记了 1877 例超额死亡（RR=1.23，95%CI 1.20-1.28）。此外，在所分析的 18 个省份中有 13 个的死亡风险显著增加。按性别划分的死亡率表现出时间和空间尺度上的不均匀性。死亡风险随年龄增长而增加；在四个省份，60-79 岁组和六个省份 80 岁及以上人群的死亡风险特别显著。显示出显著增加的死因包括呼吸道疾病、心血管疾病、肾脏疾病和糖尿病。
