Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Almada, Portugal.
Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 2022 Jun;221:106831. doi: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.106831. Epub 2022 Apr 25.
BACKGROUND: Dental preclinical training has been traditionally centered onverbal instructions and subsequent execution on phantom heads and plastic training models. However, these present present limitations. Virtual Reality (VR) and haptic simulators have been proposed with promising results and advantages and have showed usefullness in the preclinical training environment. We designed DENTIFY, a multimodal immersive simulator to assist Operative Dentistry learning, which exposes the user to different virtual clinical scenarios while operating a haptic pen to simulate dental drilling. OBJECTIVE: The main objective is to assess DENTIFY's usability, acceptance, and educational usefulness to dentists, in order to make the proper changes and, subsequently, to test DENTIFY with undergraduate preclinical dental students. METHODS: DENTIFY combines an immersive head mounted VR display, a haptic pen in which the pen itself has been replaced by a 3D printed model of a dental turbine and a controller with buttons to adjust and select the scenario of the simulation, along with 3D sounds of real dental drilling. The user's dominant hand operated the virtual turbine on the VR-created scenario, while the non-dominant hand is used to activate the simulator and case selection. The simulation sessions occurred in a controlled virtual environment. We evaluated DENTIFY's usability and acceptance over the course of 13 training sessions with dental professionals, after the users performed a drilling task in virtual dental tissues. RESULTS: The conducted user acceptance indicates that DENTIFY shows potencial enhancing learning in operative dentistry as it promotes self-evaluation and multimodal immersion on the dental drilling experience. CONCLUSIONS: DENTIFY presented significant usability and acceptance from trained dentists. This tool showed to have teaching and learning (hence, pedagogical) potential in operative dentistry.
背景:牙科临床前培训传统上以口头指导为中心,随后在虚拟头颅和塑料训练模型上进行操作。然而,这些方法存在局限性。虚拟现实(VR)和触觉模拟器已经被提出,并取得了有希望的结果和优势,在临床前培训环境中显示出了实用性。我们设计了 DENTIFY,一种多模态沉浸式模拟器,用于辅助口腔操作学的学习,它使使用者在操作触觉笔模拟牙科钻孔的同时,暴露于不同的虚拟临床场景中。
目的:主要目的是评估 DENTIFY 对牙医的可用性、可接受性和教育有用性,以便进行适当的更改,随后在本科临床前牙科学生中测试 DENTIFY。
方法:DENTIFY 结合了沉浸式头戴式 VR 显示器、触觉笔,其中笔本身已被牙科涡轮机的 3D 打印模型和带有按钮的控制器所取代,用于调整和选择模拟场景,同时还有真实牙科钻孔的 3D 声音。使用者的惯用手在 VR 创建的场景中操作虚拟涡轮机,而非惯用手用于激活模拟器和选择案例。模拟会话在受控的虚拟环境中进行。在牙医完成虚拟牙科组织中的钻孔任务后,我们在 13 次培训课程中评估了 DENTIFY 的可用性和可接受性。
结果:进行的用户接受度评估表明,DENTIFY 在口腔操作学中具有增强学习的潜力,因为它促进了自我评估和牙科钻孔体验的多模态沉浸感。
结论:经过培训的牙医对 DENTIFY 的可用性和接受度都很高。该工具在口腔操作学中具有教学和学习(因此具有教学法)潜力。
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