Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Am J Case Rep. 2022 May 12;23:e936034. doi: 10.12659/AJCR.936034.
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is treated using antiviral and immunosuppressive drugs. Therefore, patients treated for COVID-19 may have an increased risk of secondary infection and a masked inflammatory response. We present a case of a deep neck abscess caused by pyogenic sternoclavicular arthritis during treatment for COVID-19. CASE REPORT A 55-year-old man with COVID-19 was admitted to the hospital with hypoxemia. He was then treated with remdesivir, tocilizumab, and dexamethasone and was placed in the prone position. When his condition stabilized, pain in the left shoulder appeared. There was no fever or elevation in inflammation markers, and he was administered analgesics. However, the pain worsened and redness of the left neck appeared. Plain computed tomography (CT) showed swelling of the left neck muscles. Because cellulitis was suspected, he was treated with antibiotics, but his symptoms did not improve. Three days after the plain CT, contrast-enhanced CT showed sternoclavicular arthritis, deep neck abscess, and mediastinal abscess. Therefore, an emergency incisional drainage was performed under general anesthesia. Wound cleaning and drainage were continued after surgery, and after drainage tubes were removed, the patient was discharged on postoperative day 17. CONCLUSIONS Cervical infections after COVID-19 treatment have been reported in a few cases. Particularly, deep neck abscesses require more attention since they could be fatal if not treated immediately. If a secondary infection is suspected in a patient treated with immunosuppressive drugs for COVID-19, a thorough physical examination should be performed to avoid misdiagnosis.
背景
COVID-19 采用抗病毒和免疫抑制药物治疗。因此,COVID-19 治疗患者可能有继发感染和炎症反应被掩盖的风险。我们报告了一例 COVID-19 治疗期间由化脓性胸锁关节炎引起的深部颈脓肿。
病例报告
一名 55 岁男性,COVID-19 患者因低氧血症入院。随后给予瑞德西韦、托珠单抗和地塞米松治疗,并采取俯卧位。当病情稳定时,出现左肩部疼痛。无发热或炎症标志物升高,给予止痛治疗。但疼痛加重,左颈部出现红肿。平扫 CT 显示左侧颈部肌肉肿胀。考虑蜂窝织炎,给予抗生素治疗,但症状无改善。平扫 CT 后 3 天,增强 CT 显示胸锁关节炎、深部颈脓肿和纵隔脓肿。因此,在全身麻醉下进行了紧急切开引流术。术后继续进行伤口清洗和引流,引流管拔除后,患者于术后第 17 天出院。
结论
COVID-19 治疗后出现颈部感染的病例已有报道。特别是深部颈脓肿需要引起更多关注,因为如果不及时治疗,可能会致命。如果 COVID-19 治疗中使用免疫抑制剂的患者疑似继发感染,应进行彻底的体格检查,以避免误诊。