Posgrado en Producción Animal, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Texcoco, Estado de México, Mexico.
Socio Economía Estadística e Informática, Colegio de Postgraduados, Texcoco, Estado de México, Mexico.
Vet Med Sci. 2022 Jul;8(4):1709-1720. doi: 10.1002/vms3.836. Epub 2022 May 12.
Braunvieh is an important dual-purpose breed in the Mexican tropics. The study of its genetic diversity is key to implementing genetic improvement programs. This study was conducted to determine genetic diversity of reproductive traits in a Mexican Braunvieh beef cattle population using single nucleotide polymorphisms in candidate genes. Information from 24 genes with 52 intra-genic loci reported in literature to be associated with productive life, pregnancy rate and cow and heifer conception rate of 150 Braunvieh males and females was considered. Observed heterozygosity (Ho) revealed high genetic diversity for the studied traits, Ho = 0.42 ± 0.087, relative to that of other populations of the same breed. Cluster analyses were carried out using the Ward and K-means algorithms. These analyses revealed high genetic diversity that was observed in the biplot of non-metric multi-dimensional scaling. It was found that clustering strategy allowed visualisation of distant groups by genotype but not by favourable alleles in all the loci. We found that the genes CSNK1E, DNAH11, DSC2, IBSP and OCLN affected most of the traits in our study and they were highly informative. Therefore, they represent a potential resource for selection and crossbreeding programs of the traits studied in Braunvieh. The analyses showed that the Mexican Braunvieh population has a high level of genetic diversity, arguably due to decades-long adaptation to the Mexican tropics.
勃鲁恩西尔牛是墨西哥热带地区的一种重要的两用品种。研究其遗传多样性是实施遗传改良计划的关键。本研究旨在使用候选基因中的单核苷酸多态性来确定墨西哥勃鲁恩西尔肉牛种群的繁殖性状遗传多样性。本研究考虑了 24 个基因的信息，这些基因在文献中报道与生产寿命、妊娠率和母牛和小母牛受孕率有关，共有 52 个基因内基因座。观察杂合度（Ho）表明，所研究性状具有高度的遗传多样性，Ho=0.42±0.087，相对于同一品种的其他种群。使用 Ward 和 K-means 算法进行聚类分析。这些分析显示，在非度量多维尺度的双标图中观察到了高度的遗传多样性。结果表明，聚类策略允许通过基因型而不是所有基因座中的有利等位基因来可视化远距离群体。我们发现，CSNK1E、DNAH11、DSC2、IBSP 和 OCLN 基因影响了我们研究中的大多数性状，它们具有高度的信息性。因此，它们代表了选择和杂交改良研究中性状的潜在资源。分析表明，墨西哥勃鲁恩西尔牛种群具有高度的遗传多样性，这可能是由于几十年来对墨西哥热带地区的适应。
