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University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Acta Biomed. 2022 May 11;93(2):e2022204. doi: 10.23750/abm.v93i2.12161.
Spring came and went; the COVID-19 pandemic is still an inhabitant of the world, and its tendency to infect individuals is preserved in numbers; so does the case fatality rate continues to increase. While a long list of facts provided by the clinical and medical sciences have remained unable to resolve the problem, recognizing environmental issues concerning COVID-19 resistance and adaptation might be a flash of lighting the nature of COVID-19 and its ideas of fitness. Here, we summarize the current state of the science of environment related to the causative pathogen of COVID-19, SARS-CoV2, as follows. SARS-CoV2 i. survives in water, ii. mainly spreads via the droplet route, and to a lesser extent, from touching contaminated surfaces, iii. transmission via droplets occurs within the interpersonal distance of two meters and beyond, iv. can more easily spread and cause more severe phenotypes of disease under higher-polluted, low-temperature, and low-humidity conditions, v. can spread under high-temperature conditions, and vi. transmission might be moderated by pollen-derived immune responses and lockdown-mediated air quality improvement.
春天来了又走;COVID-19 大流行仍然是世界的居民,其感染个体的趋势在数字中得以保留;病死率也在持续上升。虽然临床和医学科学提供的一长串事实仍然无法解决这个问题,但认识到与 COVID-19 抵抗力和适应性有关的环境问题,可能是对 COVID-19 性质及其适应性概念的灵光一闪。在这里,我们总结了与 COVID-19 病原体 SARS-CoV2 相关的环境科学的现状,如下所述。SARS-CoV2:i. 在水中存活;ii. 主要通过飞沫途径传播,在较小程度上通过触摸受污染的表面传播;iii. 飞沫传播发生在两米及两米以外的人际距离内;iv. 在污染程度更高、低温和低湿度条件下,更容易传播并导致更严重的疾病表型;v. 在高温条件下也可以传播;vi. 花粉衍生的免疫反应和封锁介导的空气质量改善可能会调节传播。