Leung Ryan F, George Ankita M, Roussel Enola M, Faux Maree C, Wigle Jeffrey T, Eisenstat David D
Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Front Neurosci. 2022 Apr 25;16:843794. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.843794. eCollection 2022.
Forebrain development in vertebrates is regulated by transcription factors encoded by homeobox, bHLH and forkhead gene families throughout the progressive and overlapping stages of neural induction and patterning, regional specification and generation of neurons and glia from central nervous system (CNS) progenitor cells. Moreover, cell fate decisions, differentiation and migration of these committed CNS progenitors are controlled by the gene regulatory networks that are regulated by various homeodomain-containing transcription factors, including but not limited to those of the (paired), , (orthodenticle), (genetic screened), and (distal-less) homeobox gene families. This comprehensive review outlines the integral role of key homeobox transcription factors and their target genes on forebrain development, focused primarily on the telencephalon. Furthermore, links of these transcription factors to human diseases, such as neurodevelopmental disorders and brain tumors are provided.
在脊椎动物中，前脑发育在神经诱导和模式形成、区域特化以及从中枢神经系统（CNS）祖细胞生成神经元和神经胶质细胞的渐进且重叠阶段，受到由同源框、bHLH和叉头基因家族编码的转录因子的调控。此外，这些已确定命运的CNS祖细胞的细胞命运决定、分化和迁移，由基因调控网络控制，这些网络受各种含同源结构域的转录因子调控，包括但不限于配对、Otx、Otd、Gsx和Dlx同源框基因家族的转录因子。这篇综述概述了关键同源框转录因子及其靶基因在前脑发育中的重要作用，主要聚焦于端脑。此外，还阐述了这些转录因子与人类疾病（如神经发育障碍和脑肿瘤）的关联。
