Jansen van Vuuren Juan, Pillay Somasundram, Naidoo Ansuya
Department of Neurology, Grey's Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, ZAF.
School of Clinical Medicine, PhD programme, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, ZAF.
Cureus. 2022 Apr 9;14(4):e23971. doi: 10.7759/cureus.23971. eCollection 2022 Apr.
Cerebrovascular disease, including both ischaemic and haemorrhagic strokes, remains one of the highest causes of global morbidity and mortality. Developing nations, such as South Africa (SA), are affected disproportionately. Early identification of stroke patients at risk of poor clinical prognosis may result in improved outcomes. In addition to conventional neuroimaging, the role of predictive biomarkers has been shown to be important. Little data exist on their applicability within SA. This scoping review aimed to evaluate the currently available data pertaining to blood biomarkers that aid in the long-term prognostication of patients following stroke and its potential application in the South African setting. This scoping review followed a 6-stage process to identify and critically review currently available literature pertaining to prognostic biomarkers in stroke. An initial 1191 articles were identified and, following rigorous review, 41 articles were included for the purposes of the scoping review. A number of potential biomarkers were identified and grouped according to the function or origin of the marker. Although most biomarkers showed great prognostic potential, the cost and availability will likely limit their application within SA. The burden of stroke is increasing worldwide and appears to be affecting developing countries disproportionately. Access to neuroradiological services is not readily available in all settings and the addition of biomarkers to assist in the long-term prognostication of patients following a stroke can be of great clinical value. The cost and availability of many of the reviewed biomarkers will likely hinder their use in the South African setting.
脑血管疾病，包括缺血性和出血性中风，仍然是全球发病率和死亡率最高的原因之一。像南非这样的发展中国家受到的影响尤为严重。早期识别临床预后不良风险的中风患者可能会改善治疗结果。除了传统的神经影像学检查外，预测性生物标志物的作用也已被证明很重要。关于它们在南非的适用性的数据很少。本范围综述旨在评估目前可用的与有助于中风患者长期预后的血液生物标志物相关的数据及其在南非环境中的潜在应用。本范围综述遵循6个阶段的过程，以识别和严格审查目前可用的与中风预后生物标志物相关的文献。最初识别出1191篇文章，经过严格审查，为范围综述纳入了41篇文章。根据标志物的功能或来源确定并分组了一些潜在的生物标志物。尽管大多数生物标志物显示出很大的预后潜力，但成本和可及性可能会限制它们在南非的应用。中风的负担在全球范围内不断增加，并且似乎对发展中国家的影响尤为严重。并非所有地区都能轻易获得神经放射学服务，增加生物标志物以协助中风患者的长期预后具有很大的临床价值。许多被审查的生物标志物的成本和可及性可能会阻碍它们在南非的使用。
