Rossel E
Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr. 1987;15(1):6-17.
The effects of methylphenidate on sustained attention were investigated in a placebo-controlled double-blind trial with 20 hyperactive boys of normal intelligence with minimal brain dysfunction (MBD). Using signal detection theory methylphenidate significantly increased sensitivity (d) and did not change response bias (beta), independent of the dosage (5 to 20 mg/d). Responders and nonresponders to methylphenidate were differentiated by signal detection analysis: responders improved primarily in sensitivity, whereas nonresponders changed response bias. No response difference was found in physiological and biochemical measures (catecholamines), showing a general activation caused by methylphenidate. It is discussed that methylphenidate is improving information processing and arousal modulation in responders and is raising unspecific activation in nonresponders.
在一项安慰剂对照双盲试验中，对20名智力正常、患有轻度脑功能障碍（MBD）的多动男孩研究了哌甲酯对持续注意力的影响。运用信号检测理论，哌甲酯显著提高了敏感性（d），且不改变反应偏差（β），与剂量（5至20毫克/天）无关。通过信号检测分析区分了对哌甲酯有反应者和无反应者：有反应者主要在敏感性方面得到改善，而无反应者则改变了反应偏差。在生理和生化指标（儿茶酚胺）方面未发现反应差异，表明哌甲酯引起了普遍的激活。讨论了哌甲酯改善了有反应者的信息处理和唤醒调节，并提高了无反应者的非特异性激活。
