Laboratório de Estudos Integrados em Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Apr 25;12:860442. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.860442. eCollection 2022.
Parasitic infections caused by protozoans that infect the mucosal surfaces are widely neglected worldwide. Collectively, spp. and infect more than a billion people in the world, being a public health problem mainly in developing countries. However, the exact incidence and prevalence data depend on the population examined. These parasites ultimately cause pathologies that culminate in liver abscesses, malabsorption syndrome, vaginitis, and urethritis, respectively. Despite this, the antimicrobial agents currently used to treat these diseases are limited and often associated with adverse side effects and refractory cases due to the development of resistant parasites. The paucity of drug treatments, absence of vaccines and increasing problems of drug resistance are major concerns for their control and eradication. Herein, potential candidates are reviewed with the overall aim of determining the knowledge gaps and suggest future perspectives for research. This review focuses on this public health problem and focuses on the progress of drug repositioning as a potential strategy for the treatment of mucosal parasites.
由感染黏膜表面的原生动物引起的寄生虫感染在全球范围内广泛被忽视。 spp. 和 感染了全球超过 10 亿人，主要是发展中国家的公共卫生问题。 然而，确切的发病率和患病率数据取决于所检查的人群。 这些寄生虫最终分别导致肝脓肿、吸收不良综合征、阴道炎和尿道炎等病理变化。 尽管如此，目前用于治疗这些疾病的抗菌药物有限，并且由于寄生虫产生耐药性，往往与不良副作用和难治性病例相关。 药物治疗的缺乏、疫苗的缺失以及耐药性问题的日益严重，是控制和消除这些寄生虫的主要关注点。 在此，对潜在的候选药物进行了综述，以期确定知识空白，并为未来的研究提供新的视角。 本综述关注这一公共卫生问题，并重点介绍了药物重定位作为治疗黏膜寄生虫的潜在策略的进展。
