O'Hanlon J F, Volkerts E R
Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1986;332:95-104. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb08985.x.
Several related studies of the residual effects of hypnotic drugs on actual driving performance have been conducted using a standard approach and the most recent is described in detail. In it, 12 female formerly diagnosed insomniacs and hypnotic users acted as subjects. They were treated in two separate series with placebo for 2 nights, then hypnotic medication for 8 nights followed by placebo again for 3 nights. In one series, the medication was nitrazepam (10 mg nocte) and in the other, temazepam (20 mg nocte). Eleven subjects completed both series in a double-blind, cross-over (with respect to drugs) design. Their driving performance was repeatedly tested on a 100 km primary highway circuit, in normal traffic, during both the morning and afternoon (10-11 hours and 16-17 hours after drug and placebo ingestion, respectively). Nitrazepam but not temazepam significantly impaired driving performance, the difference lasting throughout the active medication period. These results along with those obtained in the earlier studies are compared to show degrees of driving impairment which follow the use of various hypnotics.
已经采用标准方法对催眠药物对实际驾驶性能的残留影响进行了多项相关研究，其中对最新的一项研究进行了详细描述。在该研究中，12名曾被诊断为失眠症且使用过催眠药物的女性作为受试者。她们分两个独立系列进行治疗，先服用安慰剂2晚，然后服用催眠药物8晚，之后再服用安慰剂3晚。在一个系列中，药物为硝西泮（每晚10毫克），在另一个系列中，药物为替马西泮（每晚20毫克）。11名受试者以双盲、交叉（针对药物）设计完成了两个系列的研究。在一条100公里的主要公路线路上，在正常交通情况下，分别于上午（服药和服用安慰剂后10 - 11小时）和下午（服药和服用安慰剂后16 - 17小时）对她们的驾驶性能进行了多次测试。硝西泮而非替马西泮显著损害了驾驶性能，这种差异在整个活性药物治疗期间持续存在。将这些结果与早期研究中获得的结果进行比较，以显示使用各种催眠药物后驾驶能力受损的程度。
