Machado M E, Porto L C, Alves Galvão M G, Sant'Anna C C, Lapa E Silva J R
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Souza Marques Techno-Educational Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
J Asthma. 2023 Mar;60(3):446-457. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2022.2077218. Epub 2022 May 30.
Asthma and obesity are complex disorders influenced by environmental and genetic factors. We performed an integrative review of genetic polymorphisms and adipokines effects in children and adolescents with asthma and obesity.
Articles focused on these issues were collected from SciELO, PubMed, LILACS, Embase and ScienceDirect electronic databases, in 2009-2020 period.
22 articles were selected, including clinical trials, analyses approaches, case-control studies, meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization studies.
Leptin concentrations were higher in obesity and asthma. The high value of BMI and Leptin indicated severe asthma. Adiponectin may be reduced in obese children. The high value of BMI and low level of Adiponectin may indicate severe asthma. Some linkage of gene, asthma and BMI was observed. T allele rs62048379 was positively associated with overweight/obesity, related to protein and PUFA:SFA ratio intake and influences the choice of more energy-dense foods. rs9939609 effects are more pronounced among children with insufficient vitamin D levels.
Leptin may be a potential predictor for asthma control in children. BMI and Adiponectin could have certain predictive value for asthma. gene was related to a higher mean BMI Z-score and accelerated developmental age per allele. Strong genetic heterogeneity influencing on asthma and obesity susceptibilities is evident and related to distinct genetic features. GWAS with childhood obesity in asthma contributed to greater insights, mainly on later childhood. Standardized definitions for asthma and overweight/obesity in studies approaching adipokines and SNPs would provide stronger evidence in deciding the best management.
哮喘和肥胖是受环境和遗传因素影响的复杂疾病。我们对哮喘和肥胖儿童及青少年的基因多态性和脂肪因子效应进行了综合综述。
2009年至2020年期间，从SciELO、PubMed、LILACS、Embase和ScienceDirect电子数据库中收集了关注这些问题的文章。
选取了22篇文章，包括临床试验、分析方法、病例对照研究、荟萃分析和孟德尔随机化研究。
肥胖和哮喘患者的瘦素浓度较高。BMI和瘦素值高表明哮喘严重。肥胖儿童的脂联素可能降低。BMI值高和脂联素水平低可能表明哮喘严重。观察到一些基因、哮喘和BMI之间的联系。rs62048379的T等位基因与超重/肥胖呈正相关，与蛋白质和多不饱和脂肪酸:饱和脂肪酸比值的摄入有关，并影响对能量密度更高食物的选择。rs9939609的影响在维生素D水平不足的儿童中更为明显。
瘦素可能是儿童哮喘控制的潜在预测指标。BMI和脂联素对哮喘可能具有一定的预测价值。基因与每个等位基因较高的平均BMI Z评分和加速发育年龄有关。影响哮喘和肥胖易感性的强大遗传异质性很明显，并且与不同的遗传特征有关。哮喘儿童肥胖的全基因组关联研究有助于深入了解，主要是对儿童后期的了解。在研究脂肪因子和单核苷酸多态性时，哮喘和超重/肥胖的标准化定义将为确定最佳管理提供更有力的证据。
