National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark; DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Environ Int. 2022 Jun;164:107277. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107277. Epub 2022 May 5.
Cardiovascular diseases are globally a major cause of death. Magnesium deficiency is associated with several diseases including cardiovascular diseases.
To examine if a low concentration of magnesium in drinking water is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and mortality due to acute myocardial infarction and stroke.
A nationwide population-based cohort study using national health registries was used. A total of 4,274,132 individuals aged 30 years or more were included. Magnesium concentration in drinking water was estimated by linkage of residential addresses in the period 2005-2016 with the national drinking water quality monitoring database. The association between magnesium concentration in drinking water and cardiovascular mortality and mortality due to acute myocardial infarction and stroke was examined using a Poisson regression of number of deaths and logarithmic transformation of follow-up time as offset. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) was adjusted for differences in age, sex, calendar year, cohabitation, country of origin, and socioeconomic status.
Median magnesium concentration in drinking water at inclusion was 12.4 mg/L (range: 1.37-54.2 mg/L). The adjusted IRR for cardiovascular mortality was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.94; 0.97) for the lowest magnesium quintile (<6.5 mg/L) as compared to the highest magnesium quintile (>21.9 mg/L). The adjusted IRR for mortality due to acute myocardial infarction and stroke was 1.22 (1.17; 1.27) and 0.96 (0.93; 0.99), respectively, for the lowest magnesium quintile as compared to the highest quintile A decreasing mortality due to acute myocardial infarction was seen with an increasing magnesium concentration in a dose-response manner.
Low concentrations of magnesium in drinking water were associated with an increased mortality due to acute myocardial infarction. Low concentrations of magnesium in drinking water were associated with decreased cardiovascular mortality, and mortality due to stroke.
心血管疾病是全球范围内主要的死亡原因。镁缺乏与多种疾病有关，包括心血管疾病。
研究饮用水中镁浓度低是否与心血管死亡率以及急性心肌梗死和中风死亡率升高有关。
本研究采用全国范围内基于人群的队列研究，使用国家健康登记处。共纳入了 4274132 名年龄在 30 岁或以上的个体。通过将 2005-2016 年期间的居住地址与国家饮用水质量监测数据库进行链接，估算饮用水中的镁浓度。使用对数转换后的随访时间作为偏移量，通过对死亡人数进行泊松回归来检验饮用水中镁浓度与心血管死亡率以及因急性心肌梗死和中风导致的死亡率之间的关系。调整年龄、性别、日历年度、同居、原籍国和社会经济地位的差异后，计算发病率比（IRR）。
纳入时饮用水中镁的中位数浓度为 12.4mg/L（范围：1.37-54.2mg/L）。与镁浓度最高的五分位数（>21.9mg/L）相比，最低五分位数（<6.5mg/L）的心血管死亡率的调整后 IRR 为 0.96（95%CI：0.94；0.97）。最低五分位数与最高五分位数相比，因急性心肌梗死和中风导致的死亡率的调整后 IRR 分别为 1.22（1.17；1.27）和 0.96（0.93；0.99）。随着镁浓度的增加，因急性心肌梗死导致的死亡率呈剂量反应关系下降。
饮用水中镁浓度低与急性心肌梗死死亡率升高有关。饮用水中镁浓度低与心血管死亡率以及中风死亡率降低有关。
