Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet 23100, 141 83, Huddinge, Sweden.
Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Sci Rep. 2022 May 12;12(1):7816. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-11097-9.
Late post-stroke depression symptoms are understudied. This study aimed to investigate depression symptoms 6 years after stroke, and associations with perceived impact of stroke, activities of daily living (ADL), and participation in social and everyday activities. Data was collected in a 6-year follow-up in a longitudinal study of stroke. Assessments included Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for depression symptoms, Stroke Impact Scale 3.0. for perceived impact of stroke, Barthel Index for ADL, Frenchay Activities Index for participation in social and everyday activities. The research questions were addressed by bivariate analyses (with HADS-D ≥ 4 as cut-off), and hierarchical multiple regression analyses using continuous HADS-D scores. Forty percent of the 105 participants (57% men, age 30-91) showed depression symptoms (HADS-D ≥ 4). Depression symptoms were associated with higher perceived impact of stroke, more dependence in ADL, and more restrictions in participation in social and everyday activities. Most of those with depression symptoms had low scores on HADS, indicating that even mild depression symptoms might be relevant to identify and target in treatment and rehabilitation of long-term consequences of stroke.
卒中后迟发性抑郁症状研究较少。本研究旨在调查卒中后 6 年的抑郁症状，及其与卒中后感知影响、日常生活活动（ADL）和参与社会及日常活动的相关性。数据来自一项卒中纵向研究的 6 年随访。评估包括汉密尔顿焦虑和抑郁量表（HADS）评估抑郁症状、卒中影响量表 3.0. 评估卒中后感知影响、Barthel 指数评估 ADL、Frenchay 活动指数评估参与社会和日常活动。研究问题通过单变量分析（以 HADS-D≥4 为截断值）和使用连续 HADS-D 评分的分层多元回归分析来解决。105 名参与者中有 40%（57%为男性，年龄 30-91 岁）表现出抑郁症状（HADS-D≥4）。抑郁症状与更高的卒中后感知影响、ADL 更多依赖以及社会和日常活动参与受限有关。大多数有抑郁症状的人 HADS 评分较低，这表明即使是轻度抑郁症状也可能与识别和治疗卒中后长期后果的治疗和康复有关。
