Fidler Andrea L, Voorhees Sara, Zhou Eric S, Stacciarini Jeanne-Marie, Fedele David A
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
Sleep. 2022 May 12;45(5). doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsac038. Epub 2022 Feb 18.
The current review aims to examine factors that influence pediatric inpatient sleep and determine the effectiveness of sleep promotion interventions among hospitalized children.
A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus databases. Studies included children with a mean age between 1 and 18 years old that either described factors affecting the sleep of children who are hospitalized on a non-intensive care unit or reported on sleep-related intervention outcomes. We conducted separate narrative reviews for each of the two aims and then synthesized findings from quantitative and qualitative studies across both aims.
Forty-five articles were included for review. Despite most sleep disturbances being attributed to environmental disruptions (e.g. noise, staff interruptions), most interventions targeted the child level using relaxation techniques. Although the majority of interventions were small pilot studies, preliminary findings appear to positively impact sleep duration. The Pediatric Inpatient Sleep Model was proposed to illustrate connections between sleep disturbances, factors influencing sleep, and existing intervention components.
Replication studies are needed, including larger-scale sleep promotion interventions among hospitalized children. Given the identification of environmental factors as the main cause of night wakings, environmental modifications are crucial. Additional research examining contributors to intraindividual variability in disrupted sleep patterns during hospitalizations as well as the consequences of these disturbances is warranted.
本综述旨在探讨影响儿科住院患者睡眠的因素，并确定促进住院儿童睡眠干预措施的有效性。
在PubMed、PsycINFO、CINAHL、Cochrane Central、Web of Science、Embase和Scopus数据库中进行了系统的文献检索。纳入的研究对象为平均年龄在1至18岁之间的儿童，这些研究要么描述了影响非重症监护病房住院儿童睡眠的因素，要么报告了与睡眠相关的干预结果。我们针对两个目标分别进行了叙述性综述，然后综合了两个目标下定量和定性研究的结果。
共纳入45篇文章进行综述。尽管大多数睡眠障碍归因于环境干扰（如噪音、工作人员打扰），但大多数干预措施是针对儿童层面采用放松技巧。虽然大多数干预措施是小型试点研究，但初步结果似乎对睡眠时间有积极影响。提出了儿科住院患者睡眠模型，以说明睡眠障碍、影响睡眠的因素和现有干预措施之间的联系。
需要进行重复研究，包括在住院儿童中开展更大规模的促进睡眠干预措施。鉴于已确定环境因素是夜间醒来 的主要原因，环境改造至关重要。有必要进行更多研究，以探讨住院期间睡眠模式个体差异的影响因素以及这些干扰的后果。
