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用于海水淡化的聚合物电纺纳米纤维膜的最新进展

Recent developments in polymeric electrospun nanofibrous membranes for seawater desalination.

作者信息

Selatile Mantsopa Koena, Ray Suprakas Sinha, Ojijo Vincent, Sadiku Rotimi

机构信息

DST-CSIR National Centre for Nanostructured Materials, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Pretoria 0001 South Africa

Division of Polymer Technology, Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology South Africa.

出版信息

RSC Adv. 2018 Nov 12;8(66):37915-37938. doi: 10.1039/c8ra07489e. eCollection 2018 Nov 7.

DOI:10.1039/c8ra07489e
PMID:35558586
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9090136/
Abstract

Seawater desalination is a promising strategy that offers an abundant and reliable source of clean fresh water. Nanotechnology, in terms of nanoparticles or electrospun nanofibrous membranes, for water-treatment or desalination applications, is a new concept that has rapidly grown in interest as a method for improving performance by enhancing the surface properties of membranes. Here, we report a critical review on recent developments in membrane-fabrication methods for seawater desalination technologies, focusing mainly on the electrospinning technique. High-performance membranes that address ongoing permeability concerns, while maintaining membrane selectivity, need further study and development. Considering that the world today is faced with energy-shortage crises, these membranes also need to be energy efficient. As electrospinning is considered to be a feasible method for the production of desalination membranes, this technique requires appropriate optimization and the structural properties of the membranes produced need to be controlled in order to tailor their properties to those desired for well-known desalination technologies, such as reverse osmosis and membrane distillation. Moreover, there is a need to understand the influence of membrane structure on performance, and the latest trends in their use as high-performance desalination membranes.

摘要

海水淡化是一种很有前景的策略，可提供丰富且可靠的清洁淡水来源。就纳米颗粒或电纺纳米纤维膜而言，用于水处理或海水淡化应用的纳米技术是一个新概念，作为一种通过增强膜的表面性质来提高性能的方法，其已迅速引起人们的关注。在此，我们对海水淡化技术的膜制备方法的最新进展进行了批判性综述，主要聚焦于电纺技术。在保持膜选择性的同时解决当前渗透率问题的高性能膜，还需要进一步研究和开发。鉴于当今世界面临能源短缺危机，这些膜还需要具有能源效率。由于电纺被认为是生产海水淡化膜的一种可行方法，该技术需要进行适当优化，并且所生产膜的结构性质需要加以控制，以便使其性能符合诸如反渗透和膜蒸馏等知名海水淡化技术所需的性能。此外，有必要了解膜结构对性能的影响，以及它们作为高性能海水淡化膜的最新应用趋势。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3a59/9090136/98ebb40fbec7/c8ra07489e-f14.jpg
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