Zainol Abidin Muhammad Nidzhom, Nasef Mohamed Mahmoud, Matsuura Takeshi
Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia.
Center of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Jan 4;14(1):197. doi: 10.3390/polym14010197.
The application of membrane processes in various fields has now undergone accelerated developments, despite the presence of some hurdles impacting the process efficiency. Fouling is arguably the main hindrance for a wider implementation of polymeric membranes, particularly in pressure-driven membrane processes, causing higher costs of energy, operation, and maintenance. Radiation induced graft copolymerization (RIGC) is a powerful versatile technique for covalently imparting selected chemical functionalities to membranes' surfaces, providing a potential solution to fouling problems. This article aims to systematically review the progress in modifications of polymeric membranes by RIGC of polar monomers onto membranes using various low- and high-energy radiation sources (UV, plasma, γ-rays, and electron beam) for fouling prevention. The feasibility of the modification method with respect to physico-chemical and antifouling properties of the membrane is discussed. Furthermore, the major challenges to the modified membranes in terms of sustainability are outlined and the future research directions are also highlighted. It is expected that this review would attract the attention of membrane developers, users, researchers, and scientists to appreciate the merits of using RIGC for modifying polymeric membranes to mitigate the fouling issue, increase membrane lifespan, and enhance the membrane system efficiency.
尽管存在一些影响工艺效率的障碍，但膜工艺在各个领域的应用目前已加速发展。污垢问题可以说是聚合物膜更广泛应用的主要障碍，尤其是在压力驱动的膜工艺中，这会导致更高的能源、运行和维护成本。辐射诱导接枝共聚（RIGC）是一种强大的通用技术，可将选定的化学官能团共价赋予膜表面，为污垢问题提供了一种潜在的解决方案。本文旨在系统综述利用各种低能和高能辐射源（紫外线、等离子体、γ射线和电子束）将极性单体通过辐射诱导接枝共聚到膜上以防止污垢的聚合物膜改性研究进展。讨论了该改性方法在膜的物理化学和抗污染性能方面的可行性。此外，概述了改性膜在可持续性方面的主要挑战，并强调了未来的研究方向。预计这篇综述将引起膜开发者、用户、研究人员和科学家的关注，使其认识到使用辐射诱导接枝共聚改性聚合物膜以减轻污垢问题、延长膜寿命和提高膜系统效率的优点。
