Mandal Sayanti, Ghorai Mimosa, Anand Uttpal, Roy Debleena, Kant Nishi, Mishra Tulika, Mane Abhijit Bhagwan, Jha Niraj Kumar, Lal Milan Kumar, Tiwari Rahul Kumar, Kumar Manoj, Ghosh Arabinda, Bhattacharjee Rahul, Proćków Jarosław, Dey Abhijit
Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India.
Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India.
Front Genet. 2022 Apr 26;13:883930. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.883930. eCollection 2022.
Over the last decade, remarkable progress has been made in our understanding the phytohormones, cytokinin's (CKs) biosynthesis, perception, and signalling pathways. Additionally, it became apparent that interfering with any of these steps has a significant effect on all stages of plant growth and development. As a result of their complex regulatory and cross-talk interactions with other hormones and signalling networks, they influence and control a wide range of biological activities, from cellular to organismal levels. In agriculture, CKs are extensively used for yield improvement and management because of their wide-ranging effects on plant growth, development and physiology. One of the primary targets in this regard is cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKO/CKX), which is encoded by CKX gene, which catalyses the irreversible degradation of cytokinin. The previous studies on various agronomically important crops indicated that plant breeders have targeted CKX directly. In recent years, prokaryotic clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system has been increasingly used in editing the CKO/CKX gene and phenomenal results have been achieved. This review provides an updated information on the applications of CRISPR-based gene-editing tools in manipulating cytokinin metabolism at the genetic level for yield improvement. Furthermore, we summarized the current developments of RNP-mediated DNA/transgene-free genomic editing of plants which would broaden the application of this technology. The current review will advance our understanding of cytokinins and their role in sustainably increase crop production through CRISPR/Cas genome editing tool.
在过去十年中,我们对植物激素细胞分裂素(CKs)的生物合成、感知和信号传导途径的理解取得了显著进展。此外,很明显,干扰这些步骤中的任何一个都会对植物生长和发育的所有阶段产生重大影响。由于它们与其他激素和信号网络存在复杂的调控和相互作用,它们在从细胞水平到生物体水平上影响和控制着广泛的生物活性。在农业中,由于细胞分裂素对植物生长、发育和生理具有广泛影响,因此被广泛用于提高产量和管理。在这方面的主要靶点之一是细胞分裂素氧化酶/脱氢酶(CKO/CKX),它由CKX基因编码,催化细胞分裂素的不可逆降解。先前对各种具有重要农艺价值作物的研究表明,植物育种者直接将CKX作为目标。近年来,原核生物的成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列(CRISPR)/CRISPR相关蛋白9(Cas9)系统越来越多地用于编辑CKO/CKX基因,并取得了显著成果。本综述提供了基于CRISPR的基因编辑工具在遗传水平上操纵细胞分裂素代谢以提高产量方面应用的最新信息。此外,我们总结了植物中RNP介导的无DNA/无转基因基因组编辑的当前进展,这将拓宽该技术的应用范围。当前的综述将增进我们对细胞分裂素及其通过CRISPR/Cas基因组编辑工具在可持续提高作物产量中作用的理解。