Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Center for Food Allergy, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Golisano Children's Hospital, Rochester, New York, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2022 May 13;17(5):e0267967. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267967. eCollection 2022.
The prevalence of allergic diseases and asthma is increasing rapidly worldwide, with environmental and lifestyle behaviors implicated as a reason. Epidemiological studies have shown that children who grow up on farms are at lower risk of developing childhood atopic disease, indicating the presence of a protective "farm effect". The Old Order Mennonite (OOM) community in Upstate New York have traditional, agrarian lifestyles, a low rate of atopic disease, and long periods of exclusive breastfeeding. Human milk proteins are heavily glycosylated, although there is a paucity of studies investigating the milk glycoproteome. In this study, we have used quantitative glycoproteomics to compare the N-glycoprotein profiles of 54 milk samples from Rochester urban/suburban and OOM mothers, two populations with different lifestyles, exposures, and risk of atopic disease. We also compared N-glycoprotein profiles according to the presence or absence of atopic disease in the mothers and, separately, the children. We identified 79 N-glycopeptides from 15 different proteins and found that proteins including immunoglobulin A1, polymeric immunoglobulin receptor, and lactotransferrin displayed significant glycan heterogeneity. We found that the abundances of 38 glycopeptides differed significantly between Rochester and OOM mothers and also identified four glycopeptides with significantly different abundances between all comparisons. These four glycopeptides may be associated with the development of atopic disease. The findings of this study suggest that the differential glycosylation of milk proteins could be linked to atopic disease.
过敏疾病和哮喘的患病率在全球范围内迅速增加，环境和生活方式行为被认为是一个原因。流行病学研究表明，在农场长大的儿童患儿童特应性疾病的风险较低，这表明存在保护性的“农场效应”。纽约州北部的旧秩序门诺派（OOM）社区拥有传统的农业生活方式、较低的特应性疾病发病率和较长的纯母乳喂养期。人乳蛋白高度糖基化，尽管研究人乳糖蛋白组的研究很少。在这项研究中，我们使用定量糖蛋白质组学比较了来自罗切斯特市区/郊区和 OOM 母亲的 54 个人乳样本的 N-糖蛋白图谱，这两个群体的生活方式、暴露和特应性疾病风险不同。我们还根据母亲和儿童中特应性疾病的存在与否比较了 N-糖蛋白图谱。我们从 15 种不同的蛋白质中鉴定出 79 种 N-糖肽，发现包括免疫球蛋白 A1、多聚免疫球蛋白受体和乳转铁蛋白在内的蛋白质显示出明显的聚糖异质性。我们发现，罗切斯特和 OOM 母亲之间的 38 种糖肽丰度存在显著差异，并且在所有比较中还鉴定出 4 种糖肽丰度存在显著差异。这四个糖肽可能与特应性疾病的发展有关。这项研究的结果表明，乳蛋白的差异糖基化可能与特应性疾病有关。
