College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Sep 10;838(Pt 1):155857. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155857. Epub 2022 May 10.
Biological nitrification inhibitors are exudates from plant roots that can inhibit nitrification, and have advantages over traditional synthetic nitrification inhibitors. However, our understanding of the effects of biological nitrification inhibitors on nitrogen (N) loss and fertilizer N recovery efficiency in staple food crops is limited. In this study, acidic and calcareous soils were selected, and rice growth pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of the biological nitrification inhibitor, methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate (MHPP) and/or a urease inhibitor (N-[n-butyl], thiophosphoric triamide [NBPT]) on NH volatilization, N leaching, fertilizer N recovery efficiency under a 20% reduction of the conventional N application rate. Our results show that rice yield and fertilizer N recovery efficiency were more sensitive to reduced N application in the calcareous soil than in the acidic soil. MHPP stimulated NH volatilization by 13.2% in acidic soil and 9.06% in calcareous soil but these results were not significant. In the calcareous soil, fertilizer N recovery efficiency significantly increased by 19.3% and 44.4% in the MHPP and NBPT+MHPP groups, respectively, relative to the reduced N treatment, and the rice yield increased by 16.7% in the NBPT+MHPP treatment (P < 0.05). However, such effects were not significant in the acidic soil. MHPP exerted a significant effect on soil ammonia oxidizers, and the response of abundance and community structure of ammonia-oxidizing archaea, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, and total bacteria to MHPP depended on the soil type. MHPP+NBPT reduced NH volatilization, N leaching, and maintaining rice yield for a 20% reduction in conventional N fertilizer application rate. This could represent a viable strategy for more sustainable rice production, despite the inevitable increase in cost for famers.
生物硝化抑制剂是植物根系分泌的物质，可以抑制硝化作用，与传统的合成硝化抑制剂相比具有优势。然而，我们对生物硝化抑制剂对主食作物氮素损失和肥料氮回收效率的影响的了解有限。本研究选择酸性和石灰性土壤，通过水稻盆栽试验，研究了生物硝化抑制剂 3-(4-羟基苯基）丙酸甲酯（MHPP）和/或脲酶抑制剂（N-[正丁基]，硫代磷酰胺[NBPT]）对常规施氮量减少 20%条件下 NH 挥发、N 淋失和肥料氮回收效率的影响。结果表明，与酸性土壤相比，石灰性土壤中水稻产量和肥料氮回收效率对减少施氮更为敏感。MHPP 在酸性土壤中促进 NH 挥发 13.2%，在石灰性土壤中促进 NH 挥发 9.06%，但差异不显著。在石灰性土壤中，与减少氮处理相比，MHPP 组和 MHPP+NBPT 组肥料氮回收效率分别显著提高 19.3%和 44.4%，且在 MHPP+NBPT 处理下水稻产量增加 16.7%（P<0.05）。然而，在酸性土壤中，这些效果并不显著。MHPP 对土壤氨氧化菌有显著影响，氨氧化古菌、氨氧化细菌和总细菌的丰度和群落结构对 MHPP 的响应取决于土壤类型。MHPP+NBPT 减少了 NH 挥发、N 淋失，维持了水稻产量，常规氮肥用量减少了 20%。尽管这可能会增加农民的成本，但这代表了一种更可持续的水稻生产的可行策略。
