Department of Neuropathology, NIMHANS, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2022 May;65(Supplement):S233-S240. doi: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_7_22.
Histopathological analysis of muscle biopsy is a prerequisite in the evaluation of neuromuscular disorders, particularly inflammatory myopathies, metabolic myopathies, congenital myopathies, muscular dystrophies and differentiating myopathies and neurogenic disorders with overlapping clinically features. It not only provides useful information that helps in the diagnosis but also treatment and management. Fundamental skills and basic knowledge regarding handling, processing and analyzing a muscle biopsy are required in any specialized or a general pathology lab supporting neuromuscular clinical services. Care during transport of the muscle biopsy, sample receipt in the laboratory and grossing is very important. Standard operating procedure should be followed for the preanalytical steps (freezing and cryomicrotomy), routine and special staining (enzyme and non enzymatic) and immunohistochemistry. A well organized neuromuscular laboratory with good quality management system is necessary for the practice of myopathology. This article gives an overview of establishing such a laboratory.
肌肉活检的组织病理学分析是评估神经肌肉疾病的前提，特别是炎症性肌病、代谢性肌病、先天性肌病、肌肉萎缩症以及具有重叠临床特征的肌病和神经源性疾病的鉴别诊断。它不仅提供了有助于诊断的有用信息，还提供了治疗和管理方面的信息。在支持神经肌肉临床服务的任何专门或一般病理学实验室中，都需要掌握处理、加工和分析肌肉活检的基本技能和基础知识。在运输肌肉活检样本时、在实验室接收样本时和大体检查时都需要非常小心。在进行分析前步骤（冷冻和 cryomicrotomy）、常规和特殊染色（酶和非酶）以及免疫组织化学时，应遵循标准操作程序。建立一个良好的神经肌肉实验室并具有良好的质量管理体系，对于肌病学的实践是非常必要的。本文概述了建立这样一个实验室的过程。
