Department of Criminology and Social Sciences, University of Derby, Derby DE1 1DZ, UK.
Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 9DA, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 24;19(9):5166. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095166.
To date, no theory of bullying in residential care for youth has been proposed. By drawing on the results of the existing research on bullying and peer violence in youth residential care and adapting the Multifactor Model of Bullying in Secure Settings (MMBSS), this paper proposes the first integrative theory of bullying in residential care-the Multifactor Model of Bullying in Residential Settings (MMB-RS). The paper first summarises the existing empirical findings on bullying and peer violence in residential care for youth and describes the MMBSS. It then moves on to proposing and describing the MMB-RS. In a nutshell, the MMB-RS assumes that bullying in residential care is shaped by a dynamic interaction between a complex set of individual and contextual factors. The model also takes into account the , thus explicitly considering the social interactional components of bullying and victimisation and offering possible explanations of the sizable overlap between bullying and victimisation in residential care, including the possible contributions of residential peer cultures. The paper concludes by noting the importance of empirically testing the MMB-RS and proposing a programme of research that may be helpful in testing it.
迄今为止，尚未提出针对青年住宿照料中欺凌问题的理论。本文通过借鉴现有关于青年住宿照料中欺凌和同伴暴力的研究结果，并对《安全环境中的欺凌多因素模型》（MMBSS）进行改编，提出了针对住宿照料中欺凌问题的首个综合性理论——《住宿环境中的欺凌多因素模型》（MMB-RS）。本文首先总结了现有关于青年住宿照料中欺凌和同伴暴力的实证发现，并介绍了 MMBSS。随后，本文提出并描述了 MMB-RS。简而言之，MMB-RS 假设，住宿照料中的欺凌是由一系列复杂的个体和环境因素之间的动态相互作用所塑造的。该模型还考虑到了社交环境，从而明确考虑了欺凌和受欺凌的社交互动成分，并为住宿照料中欺凌和受欺凌之间的大量重叠提供了可能的解释，包括住宿同伴文化的可能贡献。本文最后指出，实证检验 MMB-RS 的重要性，并提出了一个可能有助于检验该模型的研究计划。
