Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kansai University of Welfare Sciences, 3-11-1, Asahigaoka, Kashiwara 582-0026, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Kio University, 4-2-2, Umami-naka, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Koryo-cho 635-0832, Nara, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 27;19(9):5299. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095299.
Healthcare workers need to educate patients regarding proper sitting positions to prevent pressure injuries in the elderly and disabled. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in normal and shear force in the gluteal region using the combination of tilt-in-space and reclining functions of wheelchairs. Twelve healthy subjects were recruited. Protocols for 15 wheelchair tilt-in-space and reclining angles, including three reclining angles (0°, 10°, and 20°) and five tilt-in-space (0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, and 20°), were randomly assigned. To measure the amount of normal and shear force applied to the gluteal region while sitting on a wheelchair, a force plate was placed on the seat to measure the seat reaction force. For statistical analysis, a two-factor analysis of variance, with tilt-in-space and reclining, was performed for each normal and shear force. The normal force showed a significant decrease with increased reclining angle. For the shear force combined with sagittal and lateral components, the 10° tilt-in-space showed a significant decrease compared to other conditions. The combination of 20° reclining and 10° tilt-in-space angles may decrease both normal and shear force in the gluteal region while sitting. These findings may help wheelchair-dependent individuals avoid pressure injuries.
医护人员需要向患者讲解正确的坐姿，以预防老年人和残疾人的压疮。本研究旨在探讨通过轮椅的倾斜空间和躺卧功能的组合，在臀区的正常和剪切力方面的差异。共招募了 12 名健康受试者。轮椅倾斜空间和躺卧角度的 15 个方案，包括三个躺卧角度（0°、10°和 20°）和五个倾斜空间（0°、5°、10°、15°和 20°），随机分配。为了测量坐在轮椅上时臀区所受的正常和剪切力的大小，在座位上放置了一个测力板来测量座位反作用力。为了进行统计分析，对每个正常和剪切力进行了倾斜空间和躺卧的两因素方差分析。正常力随着躺卧角度的增加而显著下降。对于结合矢状面和侧面分量的剪切力，10°的倾斜空间与其他条件相比明显减小。20°躺卧和 10°倾斜空间角度的组合，在坐姿时可能会降低臀区的正常和剪切力。这些发现可能有助于避免轮椅依赖者的压疮。
