Terauchi Yu, Endo Yoshiaki, Ando Fumiya, Onoda Ko
Applied Physical Therapy Field, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Medical Welfare, International University of Health and Welfare: 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara, Tochigi 324-8501, Japan.
Rehabilitation Department, International University of Health and Welfare Shioya Hospital, Japan.
J Phys Ther Sci. 2025 Feb;37(2):102-106. doi: 10.1589/jpts.37.102. Epub 2025 Feb 1.
[Purpose] This study aimed to determine the effects of reclining angle and leg rest angle adjustments on pressure distribution in the back, buttocks, and feet in a wheelchair sitting position. [Participants and Methods] Twenty-six healthy young adults participated in this study. Pressures on the back, buttocks, and feet were measured under nine postural conditions with a combination of reclining angles (10°, 30°, and 50°) and leg rest angles (20°, 40°, and 60°). Body pressure distribution was measured for 30 s in each posture using a pressure distribution measuring device, followed by statistical analysis. [Results] Posture adjustments significantly impacted pressure distribution. Pressure was increased on the back and reduced on the buttocks of participants when in the reclining position. The leg rest angle had a minimal effect on foot pressure, but changes in the leg rest angle influenced the balance of pressure between the back and buttocks. [Conclusion] Adjusting wheelchair posture can effectively manage pressure distribution and reduce the risk of pain and pressure ulcers, especially on the back and buttocks. The reclining angle plays a key role in redistributing pressure, making it important for comfort and the prevention of bedsores.
[目的] 本研究旨在确定倾斜角度和搁腿角度调整对轮椅坐姿下背部、臀部和足部压力分布的影响。[参与者与方法] 26名健康年轻成年人参与了本研究。在倾斜角度（10°、30°和50°）和搁腿角度（20°、40°和60°）组合而成的9种姿势条件下，测量背部、臀部和足部的压力。使用压力分布测量装置在每个姿势下测量30秒的身体压力分布，随后进行统计分析。[结果] 姿势调整对压力分布有显著影响。参与者处于倾斜姿势时，背部压力增加，臀部压力降低。搁腿角度对足部压力影响极小，但搁腿角度的变化会影响背部和臀部之间的压力平衡。[结论] 调整轮椅姿势可有效控制压力分布，降低疼痛和压疮风险，尤其是在背部和臀部。倾斜角度在重新分配压力方面起着关键作用，对舒适度和预防褥疮很重要。
