Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 7;19(9):5709. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095709.
Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in prostate cancer has been shown to deteriorate body composition (reduced lean mass and increased body and fat mass) and increase the risk of cardiovascular morbidity. The Mediterranean style dietary pattern (MED-diet) and high intensity interval training (HIIT) may synergistically alleviate these side effects and improve quality of life in men treated with ADT. Methods: Twenty-three men (65.9 ± 7.8 years; body mass index: 29.6 ± 2.7 kg/m2; ADT duration: 33.8 ± 35.6 months) receiving ADT for ≥3 months were randomly assigned (1:1) to 20 weeks of usual care or the MED-diet (10 nutrition consults) with HIIT (4 × 4 min 85−95% heart rate peak, 3× week, starting at 12 weeks). Results: The MED-diet with HIIT significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness (+4.9 mL·kg−1·min, p < 0.001), and body mass (−3.3 kg, p < 0.001) compared to the usual care group at 20 weeks. Clinically meaningful (≥3 points) improvements were seen in quality of life and cancer-related fatigue after 20 weeks. Conclusions: The MED-diet with HIIT increased cardiorespiratory fitness and reduced body weight in men with prostate cancer treated with ADT. Larger trials determining whether the MED-diet with HIIT translates to cardiovascular benefits are warranted.
雄激素剥夺疗法（ADT）已被证明会恶化前列腺癌患者的身体成分（减少瘦体重，增加身体和脂肪量），并增加心血管发病率的风险。地中海式饮食模式（MED 饮食）和高强度间歇训练（HIIT）可能协同缓解这些副作用，并改善接受 ADT 治疗的男性的生活质量。
23 名男性（65.9 ± 7.8 岁；体重指数：29.6 ± 2.7 kg/m2；ADT 持续时间：33.8 ± 35.6 个月）接受 ADT 治疗≥3 个月，随机分为 20 周常规护理或 MED 饮食（10 次营养咨询）加 HIIT（4×4 分钟 85-95%心率峰值，每周 3 次，从 12 周开始）。
与常规护理组相比，MED 饮食加 HIIT 在 20 周时显著提高了心肺功能（+4.9 mL·kg-1·min，p<0.001）和体重（-3.3 kg，p<0.001）。20 周后，生活质量和癌症相关疲劳有临床意义（≥3 分）的改善。
在接受 ADT 治疗的前列腺癌男性中，MED 饮食加 HIIT 增加了心肺功能和体重。需要更大的试验来确定 MED 饮食加 HIIT 是否能转化为心血管益处。
