College of Nursing, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea.
Department of Emergency Medical Technology, Kyungil University, Gamasilgil Hayangeup, Gyeongsan 38428, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 9;19(9):5764. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095764.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the adequacy of the developed protocol by verifying the validity of the expert group for the earthquake and fire response simulation protocol. A protocol development team consisting of one emergency rescue professor, one counseling psychology professor, three paramedics, and one firefighter developed the study's protocols to promote the core response and capabilities required at an earthquake fire site. We checked the content validity for the appropriateness of the contextual connection for each stage for the protocol. We also created an evaluation checklist to measure the items for each stage. The protocol developed in this study consists of earthquake response, fire response, evacuation, and fire suppression. We set the situation for each stage and composed learner activities and learning performance goals. The earthquake response stage included (1) shout "it's an earthquake," (2) protect yourself, (3) turn off electricity and gas, and (4) evacuate to a safe place. In the fire response stage, (1) shout "fire," (2) press the emergency bell and call 119, (3) close the door of a dangerous place where fire can spread, and (4) evacuate to a safe place. In the evacuation stage, (1) open the emergency exit, (2) cover your nose and mouth, (3) lower your posture, and (4) evacuate quickly in one direction. Lastly, in the firefighting stage, (1) pull out the safety pin, (2) hold the nozzle and face the fire, (3) grab the handle, and (4) spray the powder evenly. The protocol contributes to the development of systematic and elaborate simulation education materials in the future. Furthermore, it provides basic data for future disaster simulation operation and protocol development through continuous training and practical exercises.
本研究旨在通过验证地震火灾应急模拟方案专家组的有效性来评估所开发方案的充分性。方案开发团队由一名急诊救援教授、一名咨询心理学教授、三名急救人员和一名消防员组成，制定了本研究的方案，以促进地震火灾现场所需的核心反应和能力。我们检查了方案中每个阶段上下文连接的适宜性的内容有效性。我们还创建了一个评估清单，以衡量每个阶段的项目。本研究中开发的方案包括地震应急、火灾应急、疏散和灭火。我们为每个阶段设定了情境，并编写了学习者活动和学习表现目标。地震应急阶段包括：（1）大喊“地震了”；（2）保护自己；（3）关闭电源和煤气；（4）疏散到安全地点。在火灾应急阶段，包括：（1）大喊“火灾”；（2）按紧急铃并拨打 119；（3）关闭火势可能蔓延的危险场所的门；（4）疏散到安全地点。在疏散阶段，包括：（1）打开紧急出口；（2）捂住口鼻；（3）降低姿势；（4）快速朝一个方向疏散。最后，在灭火阶段，包括：（1）拔出安全销；（2）握住喷嘴面对火源；（3）抓住把手；（4）均匀喷洒粉末。该方案有助于未来系统而精心的模拟教育材料的开发。此外，通过持续的培训和实际演练，为未来的灾难模拟操作和方案开发提供了基本数据。
