Post-Graduate Program, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil.
Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Institute of Higher Education of Santo Ângelo (IESA), Santo Ângelo 98801-015, Brazil.
Nutrients. 2022 Apr 28;14(9):1838. doi: 10.3390/nu14091838.
This systematic review examined the additional effect of taking omega-3 supplements on periodontal therapy.
The focused question was "What is the possible effect of omega-3 supplementation concomitant to non-surgical periodontal therapy on clinical periodontal parameters?" Databases Cochrane, Embase, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science (January-July 2021) were searched to identify appropriate studies. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) about non-surgical therapy with omega-3 supplementation, with at least 3 months of supplementation period were included. Cochrane risk of bias tool version 2 and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation were used.
A total of 1556 studies were found, of which eight studies met the inclusion criteria. All eight studies evaluated periodontal probing depth and clinical attachment loss; plaque and gingival inflammation were evaluated in seven studies. High variety of omega-3 dosage, different study lengths, questionable results from periodontal therapy (including test and control groups), high risk of bias and moderate quality of evidence prevented a satisfactory conclusion regarding the benefits of omega-3 supplementation. The studies' high heterogeneity avoided meta-analysis.
Notwithstanding all limitations, the promising effects of omega-3 supplementation presented in two six-month studies encourage performing RCT with better-defined treatment protocols and greater methodological rigor.
本系统评价研究了服用欧米伽-3 补充剂对牙周治疗的额外作用。
聚焦问题是“在非手术性牙周治疗中同时补充欧米伽-3 对临床牙周参数可能有什么影响？” 检索了 Cochrane、Embase、Google Scholar、PubMed 和 Web of Science（2021 年 1 月至 7 月）数据库，以确定合适的研究。纳入了关于非手术治疗联合欧米伽-3 补充剂的随机临床试验（RCT），补充期至少为 3 个月。使用 Cochrane 偏倚风险工具版本 2 和推荐评估、制定与评价进行评估。
共发现 1556 项研究，其中 8 项研究符合纳入标准。所有 8 项研究均评估了牙周探诊深度和临床附着丧失；7 项研究评估了菌斑和牙龈炎症。欧米伽-3 剂量种类繁多、研究长度不同、牙周治疗结果可疑（包括试验组和对照组）、偏倚风险高和证据质量中等，这些因素都妨碍了对欧米伽-3 补充剂益处的满意结论。研究的高度异质性避免了荟萃分析。
尽管存在所有限制，但两项为期六个月的研究中呈现的欧米伽-3 补充剂的有希望的效果鼓励进行 RCT，采用更明确的治疗方案和更高的方法学严谨性。
