Latorre Guayente, García-Martínez María Mercedes, Martín-Bejerano María, Julio Luis F, Zalacain Amaya, Carrión María Engracia, Carmona Manuel
Catedra de Química Agrícola, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y de Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain.
Kimitec Biogroup S.L, Maavi Innovation Center, Paraje Cerro Los Lobos s/n Vícar, 04738 Almería, Spain.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Apr 26;11(9):1169. doi: 10.3390/plants11091169.
The extensive use of synthetic pesticides has created considerable concern for both human health and the environment, which has prompted the search for safer alternatives, such as the resin of guayule (). Thus, in the present study, we aimed to test the biopesticide activity of crude guayule resin and three derived fractions and compare them to reference products that act against four of the most economically significant plant pests: , , and . None of the guayule products caused plant damage. The crude guayule resin and the hexane and ethyl acetate fractions displayed moderate to high contact mortality against and , as well as moderate to high antifeedant activity against , and . No significant activity was observed against . A correlation analysis of the activity and fraction composition revealed that guayulins C and D, isoargentatins A and B, argentatins A, B and D and an unknown compound C6 were likely responsible for the contact mortality. By contrast, the antifeedant activity appeared to be caused by guayulins A and B against and and by guayulins C and D and argentatin B against . The feeding reduction in was associated with an unknown compound C2 and argentatin C. Therefore, guayule appears to be a promising novel biopesticide.
合成农药的广泛使用引发了人们对人类健康和环境的极大关注，这促使人们寻找更安全的替代品，如银胶菊树脂。因此，在本研究中，我们旨在测试粗制银胶菊树脂及其三个衍生馏分的生物农药活性，并将它们与针对四种最具经济重要性的植物害虫（即 、 、 和 ）的参考产品进行比较。没有一种银胶菊产品对植物造成损害。粗制银胶菊树脂以及己烷和乙酸乙酯馏分对 和 表现出中度至高接触死亡率，对 、 和 表现出中度至高拒食活性。对 未观察到显著活性。活性与馏分组成的相关性分析表明，银胶菊素C和D、异银胶菊素A和B、银胶菊素A、B和D以及一种未知化合物C6可能是接触死亡率的原因。相比之下，拒食活性似乎是由银胶菊素A和B对 和 的作用以及银胶菊素C和D和银胶菊素B对 的作用引起的。 中摄食量的减少与一种未知化合物C2和银胶菊素C有关。因此，银胶菊似乎是一种有前景的新型生物农药。
