Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Mol Plant Pathol. 2022 Aug;23(8):1226-1238. doi: 10.1111/mpp.13228. Epub 2022 May 14.
Plants, like animals, are constantly exposed to abiotic and biotic stresses, which often inhibit plant growth and development, and cause tissue damage, disease, and even plant death. Efficient and timely response to stress requires appropriate co- and posttranscriptional reprogramming of gene expression. Alternative pre-mRNA splicing provides an important layer of this regulation by controlling the level of factors involved in stress response and generating additional protein isoforms with specific features. Recent high-throughput studies have revealed that several defence genes undergo alternative splicing that is often affected by pathogen infection. Despite extensive work, the exact mechanisms underlying these relationships are still unclear, but the contribution of alternative protein isoforms to the defence response and the role of regulatory factors, including components of the splicing machinery, have been established. Modulation of gene expression in response to stress includes alternative splicing, chromatin remodelling, histone modifications, and nucleosome occupancy. How these processes affect plant immunity is mostly unknown, but these facets open new regulatory possibilities. Here we provide an overview of the current state of knowledge and recent findings regarding the growing importance of alternative splicing in plant response to biotic stress.
植物与动物一样，不断受到非生物和生物胁迫的影响，这些胁迫常常抑制植物的生长和发育，并导致组织损伤、疾病，甚至植物死亡。为了有效且及时地应对胁迫，基因表达需要进行适当的共转录和转录后重编程。可变剪接通过控制参与应激反应的因子的水平并生成具有特定特征的额外蛋白异构体，为这种调控提供了一个重要层面。最近的高通量研究表明，一些防御基因经历可变剪接，而这种剪接通常受到病原体感染的影响。尽管已经进行了广泛的研究，但这些关系的确切机制仍不清楚，但可变蛋白异构体对防御反应的贡献以及包括剪接机制组件在内的调节因子的作用已得到确立。应激反应中基因表达的调控包括可变剪接、染色质重塑、组蛋白修饰和核小体占据。这些过程如何影响植物的免疫尚不清楚，但这些方面开辟了新的调控可能性。在这里，我们概述了目前关于可变剪接在植物应对生物胁迫中的重要性的知识状态和最新发现。
