Takahashi Hirokazu, Arae Toshihiro, Ishibashi Kodai, Sano Ryosuke, Demura Taku, Ohtani Misato
Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan.
Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8562, Japan.
Plant Mol Biol. 2025 Mar 16;115(2):46. doi: 10.1007/s11103-025-01575-9.
Alternative pre-mRNA splicing (AS) is a crucial regulatory layer of gene expression in eukaryotes. AS patterns can change in response to abiotic and biotic stress, allowing cellular functions to adapt to environmental conditions. Here, we examined the effects of cellular stress-inducing chemicals on AS-mediated gene regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana by investigating the alternatively spliced forms of SERINE-ARGININE PROTEIN30 (SRp30) and U1-70 K, encoding splicing factors, as well as ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE3 (APX3) and FOLYLPOLYGLUTAMATE SYNTHASE3 (FPGS3), encoding enzymes important for stress responses. Disrupting key cellular activities, including nitric oxide metabolism, ATPase activity, plastid function, and genome stability, affected AS patterns in Arabidopsis. Stress treatment altered the abundance of uridine-rich small nuclear RNAs (UsnRNAs), especially U1 snRNAs, which are essential non-coding RNA components of U1 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (U1 snRNPs), suggesting that abnormalities in AS are partially mediated by changes in U1 snRNA levels. The shoot redifferentiation defectice2-1 (srd2-1) mutant defective for snRNA transcription was hypersensitive for stress treatment, since it showed changes in AS patterns at lower concentrations of stress inducers to compare with the wild type. Together, our data suggest that cellular stress can influence gene expression in plants by regulating AS, which is partially regulated by UsnRNA levels through the SRD2-mediated snRNA transcription.
可变前体mRNA剪接（AS）是真核生物基因表达的一个关键调控层面。AS模式可响应非生物和生物胁迫而发生变化，使细胞功能能够适应环境条件。在此，我们通过研究编码剪接因子的丝氨酸 - 精氨酸蛋白30（SRp30）和U1 - 70K以及编码对胁迫反应重要的酶的抗坏血酸过氧化物酶3（APX3）和叶酸多聚谷氨酸合酶3（FPGS3）的可变剪接形式，研究了细胞应激诱导化学物质对拟南芥中AS介导的基因调控的影响。破坏包括一氧化氮代谢、ATP酶活性、质体功能和基因组稳定性在内的关键细胞活动，影响了拟南芥的AS模式。胁迫处理改变了富含尿苷的小核RNA（UsnRNAs）的丰度，尤其是U1 snRNAs，它们是U1小核糖核蛋白（U1 snRNPs）的必需非编码RNA成分，这表明AS异常部分是由U1 snRNA水平的变化介导的。snRNA转录缺陷的茎再分化缺陷2 - 1（srd2 - 1）突变体对胁迫处理高度敏感，因为与野生型相比，它在较低浓度的胁迫诱导剂下就表现出AS模式的变化。总之，我们的数据表明细胞应激可通过调节AS来影响植物中的基因表达，而AS部分受SRD2介导的snRNA转录通过UsnRNA水平调控。
