Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Biol Psychol. 2022 May;171:108351. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108351. Epub 2022 May 12.
ADHD has been associated with social cognitive impairments across the lifespan, but no studies have specifically addressed the presence of abnormalities in eye-gaze processing in the adult brain. This study investigated the neural basis of eye-gaze perception in adults with ADHD using event-related potentials (ERP). Twenty-three ADHD and 23 controls performed a delayed face-matching task with neutral faces that had either direct or averted gaze. ERPs were classified using microstate analyses. ADHD and controls displayed similar P100 and N170 microstates. ADHD was associated with cluster abnormalities in the attention-sensitive P200 to direct gaze, and in the N250 related to facial recognition. For direct gaze, source localization revealed reduced activity in ADHD for the P200 in the left/midline cerebellum, as well as in a cingulate-occipital network at the N250. These results suggest brain impairments involving eye-gaze decoding in adults with ADHD, suggestive of neural signatures associated with this disorder in adulthood.
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与整个生命周期中的社会认知障碍有关，但尚无研究专门针对成人大脑中眼球注视处理异常的存在。本研究使用事件相关电位（ERP）探讨了 ADHD 成人的眼球注视感知的神经基础。23 名 ADHD 患者和 23 名对照者进行了带有中性面孔的延迟面孔匹配任务，这些面孔的注视方向要么是直接的，要么是回避的。使用微状态分析对 ERPs 进行分类。ADHD 患者和对照组显示出相似的 P100 和 N170 微状态。ADHD 与直接注视的注意力敏感 P200 以及与面部识别相关的 N250 簇异常有关。对于直接注视，源定位显示 ADHD 患者的左侧/中线小脑 P200 和 N250 时的扣带回-枕叶网络活动减少。这些结果表明，ADHD 成人的眼球注视解码存在大脑损伤，提示与成年期这种障碍相关的神经特征。
