Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2022 May 14;22(1):649. doi: 10.1186/s12913-022-08027-w.
Collaborative practice between community pharmacists and physicians is becoming increasingly common. Although tools and models to explore collaborative practice between both health care professionals have been developed, very few have been validated for their use in clinical practice. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a tool for measuring collaborative practice between community pharmacists and physicians from the perspective of community pharmacists.
The DeVellis method was used to develop and validate the Professional Collaborative Practice Tool. A pool of 40 items with Likert frequency scales was generated based on previous literature and expert opinion. This study was undertaken in Spain. A sample of community pharmacists providing medication reviews with follow-up and a random sample of pharmacists providing usual care were invited to participate. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the tool's reliability and content validity.
Three hundred thirty-six pharmacists were invited with an overall response rate of 84.8%. The initial 40 items selected were reduced to 14 items. Exploratory Factor Analysis provided a 3-factor solution explaining 62% of the variance. Confirmatory Factor Analysis confirmed the three factors "Activation for collaborative professional practice," the "Integration in collaborative professional practice," and the "Professional acceptance in collaborative professional practice." The tool demonstrated an adequate fit (X/df = 1.657, GFI = 0.889 and RMSEA = 0.069) and good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.924).
The Professional Collaborative Practice Tool has shown good internal reliability and criterion validity. The tool could be used to measure the perceived level of collaborative practice between community pharmacists and physicians and monitor changes over time. Its applicability and transferability to other settings should be evaluated.
社区药剂师与医师之间的合作实践越来越普遍。虽然已经开发出了用于探索两者之间合作实践的工具和模型，但很少有模型经过验证可用于临床实践。本研究的目的是开发和验证一种从社区药剂师角度衡量社区药剂师与医师之间合作实践的工具。
采用 DeVellis 方法开发和验证专业合作实践工具。根据先前的文献和专家意见，生成了一个包含 40 个项目的池，这些项目采用了李克特频率量表。本研究在西班牙进行。邀请了提供药物审查和随访的社区药剂师样本和提供常规护理的随机药剂师样本参与。采用探索性和验证性因子分析评估工具的可靠性和内容效度。
邀请了 336 名药剂师，总体回应率为 84.8%。最初选择的 40 个项目减少到 14 个。探索性因素分析提供了一个 3 因素解决方案，解释了 62%的方差。验证性因子分析证实了三个因素：“促进合作专业实践的积极性”、“合作专业实践中的整合”和“合作专业实践中的专业认可”。该工具表现出良好的拟合度（X/df=1.657，GFI=0.889 和 RMSEA=0.069）和良好的内部一致性（Cronbach's alpha=0.924）。
专业合作实践工具具有良好的内部可靠性和标准效度。该工具可用于衡量社区药剂师与医师之间感知到的合作实践水平，并监测随时间的变化。应评估其在其他环境中的适用性和可转移性。
