Department of Dental Clinical Sciences, Michael Chilufya Sata School of Medicine, The Copperbelt University, Ndola, Zambia.
Department of Orthodontics, Paedodontics and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
BMC Oral Health. 2022 May 14;22(1):181. doi: 10.1186/s12903-022-02217-y.
Dental Caries affect more than half of children and adolescents globally and more so in Africa. Most caries studies in Africa are based on DMFT index which does not assess early carious lesions making early prevention and minimal invasive treatment impossible. This study therefore aimed at determining pattern, socio-demographic and behavioral correlates of dental caries according to Caries Assessment and Treatment Spectrum (CAST).
Cross-sectional study involving secondary school adolescents in Copperbelt province, Zambia. Socio-demographics and oral health related behaviors were assessed using a structured questionnaire while dental caries was assessed using CAST. Data were summarized as frequency distributions while cross-tabulation with Chi-squire test and adjusted multinomial logistic regression assessed strength and direction of relationship between socio-demographics, oral health behaviors and dental caries. Level of statistical significance was set at 5%.
A total of 1,794 participants were enrolled 54% being females. Total frequency of adolescents with healthy teeth (CAST0-2) was 51.1%, pre-morbidity stages (CAST 3-4) was 24.7%, severe morbidity CAST (6-7) was 6.4% and mortality was 2.7%. The odds of being found with teeth at pre-morbidity stage decreased among male OR (95%CI) = 0.55 (0.44, 0.70) and younger participants OR (95%CI) = 0.77 (0.61, 0.98). Participants in high socio-economic status had lower odds of morbidity OR (95%CI) = 0.69 (0.52, 0.92) while those taking sugary foods five times or more per day had higher odds of morbidity OR (95%CI = 1.52 (1.01, 2.34). The odds of being found at mortality clinical stage of caries was lower among males OR (95% CI) = 0.53 (0.29, 0.96) and those who did not attend to a dentist in the previous year OR (95%CI) = 0.42 (0.23, 0.75), while higher odds OR (95%CI = 2.01 (1.02, 3.97) were among the high socio-economic status.
The proportion of participants with teeth at pre-morbidity and morbidity were high. Socio-demographics and behavioral predictors of dental caries were sex, socio-economic status, frequency of sugary food intake per day and dental visit in the previous year.
全球有超过一半的儿童和青少年受到龋齿的影响，其中非洲的情况更为严重。大多数非洲的龋齿研究都是基于 DMFT 指数，该指数不能评估早期龋齿病变，因此无法进行早期预防和微创治疗。本研究旨在根据龋齿评估和治疗谱 (CAST) 确定龋齿的模式、社会人口统计学和行为相关性。
这是一项在赞比亚铜带省的中学青少年中进行的横断面研究。使用结构化问卷评估社会人口统计学和口腔健康相关行为，使用 CAST 评估龋齿。数据以频率分布形式进行总结，同时进行卡方检验的交叉表分析和调整后的多变量逻辑回归分析，以评估社会人口统计学、口腔健康行为与龋齿之间的关系强度和方向。统计显著性水平设为 5%。
共纳入 1794 名参与者，其中 54%为女性。牙齿处于健康状态（CAST0-2）的青少年总频率为 51.1%，处于前病变阶段（CAST3-4）的为 24.7%，严重病变（CAST6-7）的为 6.4%，死亡的为 2.7%。在男性中，处于前病变阶段的牙齿的可能性降低（OR[95%CI] = 0.55[0.44, 0.70]），年轻参与者的可能性降低（OR[95%CI] = 0.77[0.61, 0.98]）。处于高社会经济地位的参与者发生病变的可能性降低（OR[95%CI] = 0.69[0.52, 0.92]），而每天摄入 5 次或更多含糖食物的参与者发生病变的可能性增加（OR[95%CI] = 1.52[1.01, 2.34]）。在男性中，处于死亡临床阶段的龋齿的可能性降低（OR[95%CI] = 0.53[0.29, 0.96]），以及在过去一年中未看牙医的参与者（OR[95%CI] = 0.42[0.23, 0.75]），而高社会经济地位的参与者发生病变的可能性增加（OR[95%CI] = 2.01[1.02, 3.97]）。
处于前病变和病变阶段的参与者比例较高。龋齿的社会人口统计学和行为预测因素包括性别、社会经济地位、每天摄入含糖食物的频率以及过去一年的看牙医情况。
